Features of forming vestibular and proprioceptive sensitivity in training coordination abilities using biological feedback

An important role in improving the ability to coordinate muscular tension according to a planned motor program belongs to developing the accuracy of perception and reproduction of the shown efforts when performing motor tasks. The purpose of this article is to compare characteristics of vestibular and proprioceptive sensitivity formation when training coordination abilities with the application of biological feedback by the visual channel of perceiving in the parameters "position of the projection of the center of gravity" and "ongoing efforts" and without the feedback. The research involved 30 female participants aged 18-20, divided into three groups of 10. Group 1 consisted of females trained according to the program that included a set of exercises on the development of sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer and proprioceptive sensitivity. Group 2 were trained by the computer stabiloanalizator Stabilan-01-2 designed by RITM OKB ZAO (Russia), with the application of feedback in the "position of the projection of the center of gravity" parameter. Group 3 were trained by the multipurpose device HUBER produced by LPG SYSTEMS (France) with the use of feedback in the "ongoing efforts" parameter. Before the training course and after it, the participants passed tests of sense of equilibrium, motor memory and proprioceptive sensitivity with the application of methods of stabilometry on the stabiloanalizator Stabilan-01-2. Romberg's test, the Evolvent test, the Triangle test were used for the purpose. Upon the completion of the course of trainings Group 1 showed the improvement of indicators of static and dynamic stability preservation (including without control from the visual analyzer), and, to a lesser degree, the enhancement of muscle memory and proprioceptive sensitivity. The results in Group 2 revealed a positive influence of the trainings on the stabiloplatform on the growth of the degree of stability of the participants and control of the location of the center of gravity when performing dynamic tests, as well as a significant improvement of muscle memory. However, preservation of static balance when concentrating on the performance of parallel cognitive operations in the absence of control from the visual analyzer did not prove to be so successful. In Group 3, the improvement of such indicators as static stability when concentrating on the performance of parallel cognitive operations with open eyes, muscle memory and proprioceptive sensitivity was observed. Thus, the use of the specified exercise machines with biological feedback has provided an essential gain in the development of muscle memory and proprioceptive sensitivity, having reduced the number of errors. However, the "static equilibrium" and "dynamic equilibrium" parameters were higher in the group that used a set of exercises for the development of proprioceptive sensitivity and sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer without the devices with the function of feedback.

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