The role of the party's ideological control in the higher education development in the Altai region in the 1940s-1980s

This article studies the role of ideological control over the system of higher education in the USSR. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the higher school of the Russian Federation was democratized. The rejection of ideology in education led to a complete imbalance of the entire state system and the emergence of a discussion of the role of ideology in the state. The purpose of this article is to determine the role of the party's ideological control in the development of higher education in the Altai Region in the 1940s-1980s. On the basis of archival materials and published literature on the topic under study, the author came to a conclusion about the possibility of specifying three stages of the phenomenon. The first stage is the 1930s-1950s, the years of adaptation of the USSR higher school for military needs and the beginning of the postwar reconstruction of the USSR. In these years, hundreds of universities from the central part of the country were evacuated beyond the Urals. In new places they were created almost from a scratch, populating school buildings, enrolling first sets of students, etc. The stage is characterized by strong ideological control of the country's higher school by party organizations. The second stage is the 1950s-1960s, the years of the Khrushchev reforms and the entry of the USSR into the economic and geopolitical rivalry with the countries of the West. This period was marked by the development of university infrastructure, Khrushchev's "thaw" and a departure from the classical communist ideology. At the third stage, the 1960s-1990s, an attempt was made to return to traditional communist ideology. The CPSU, relying on the expanded party's university system, made an attempt to return to the pre-Khrushchev political course. As a result, this led to the internal political crisis of the Soviet Union, the Perestroika and the disintegration of the country. Throughout the studied period, the focus of the party organizations of universities was the ideological and political education of students. At the beginning of the period under study, the Communist Party saw ideological control as a powerful instrument of influence on young people and teachers. It was believed that without the ideological impregnation of education it was impossible to create a moral image of the youth, capable of meeting the tasks that the government set before it. Later this approach was transformed into the creation of moral ideals among young people. At the end of the studied period, an attempt was made to return to ideological control. However, it was not successful and, together with the Perestroika, led to the collapse of the USSR. The conclusion of the article is that it is necessary to study the possibilities of ideological control over the system of higher education further for the benefit of the modern higher school of the Russian Federation.

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