The Development of Students' Meta-Competences in Specialized Classes with an Engineering and Technological Focus

The article states that nowadays the "industrial model" of education is unworkable as it forms the "skills of the past", and not the "skills of the future". A new educational paradigm in the new complex world is formed. Skills required for the future are identified. In the new paradigm, a large number of professions disappear in connection with the automation and robotization of economy. At the same time, some classical professions, such as the engineering profession, are still important. The Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary Education sets out requirements for educational outcomes. It states that students' meta-competences necessary for the new complex world must be formed. The concepts of "hard skills", "soft skills", "meta-competence" in modern research are considered. The clarification of the terms allows considering the problem of the conditions for the formation of students' meta-competences in the framework of a meta-subject approach. In their research, the authors adhere to a competence-based approach. To provide "new" engineering education in the region, a large-scale network of specialized classes has been created. In the conditions of these classes, the authors participate in the development of a model of an "engineer of a new generation". Both Russian and foreign scientists are engaged in the development of this model. The authors state that the formation of this model is necessary and possible in the conditions of educational organizations of secondary education. The concept of a "pre-model of an engineer of a new generation" is introduced. The meta-competences that this pre-model includes are listed. To develop meta-competences, the authors choose an "event-based project" format for organizing the educational process. An example of the implementation of this pre-model from the authors' practice is given. The formation of a "pre-model engineer" takes place under the conditions of an open educational project developed by the authors. This project is relevant in the conditions of the latest trend of automation and robotization of economy. In the framework of the formation of students' meta-competences, a special role is given to the knowledge of a foreign language. The project is based on the principle of man-and-machine systems. As a result of the analysis of this experiment, the positive dynamics of the development of existing skills and the emergence of new skills that are part of the meta-competences necessary for successful engineering activity have been recorded. It is concluded that it is possible to form these meta-competences among students in specialized classes in the secondary general school. It is emphasized that the main conditions for the successful implementation of the "pre-model of an engineer of a new generation" are the event-project format, the use of production resources, including the former ones, networking, the active involvement of subjects in foreign language communication. The increase in the number of specialized classes allows the authors to share the experience with other educational organizations.

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