On the Concept and Types of Psychological Contact and the Tactics of Its Establishment in the Course of Investigative Actions

The article reveals a set of theoretical and practical problems in the field of interrogation tactics: in the establishment of psychological contact with the person being interrogated. The range of problems affects the procedural, methodological, tactical, forensic and psychological aspects. A variety of points of view is evaluated by analyzing the effectiveness of tactics based on these points of view. The subject of the study was the relationship between the understanding of psychological contact and tactical methods of establishing it. In the conducted research, the following general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, a system-structural method. The following specific scientific methods were used: biographical analysis, statistical analysis, expert evaluation, a comparative historical method. The author made the following conclusions. Tactical methods of establishing psychological contact are determined by the understanding of its nature. In case psychological contact is considered as a form of an optimal interaction between the investigator and the person being interrogated, the tactical potential is extremely small. Even a superficial analysis of tactical techniques aimed at establishing psychological contact in the considered understanding demonstrates their utmost vagueness and debatable realizability. In case psychological contact is considered as a form of active interaction between the investigator and the person being interrogated, the tactical potential is extremely diverse. In modern forensic science it is important to increase the tactics of establishing this form of psychological contact. There are two different ways to do this. The first method is to create a positive image of the investigator in the interrogated person. It is achieved by recommending the investigator to behave in a way that is customary for this person. The second method is based on creating the illusion of the identity of the person being interrogated with the investigator, the identity of their inner world and basic attitudes. The implementation of this method is the "mirror" technique. In case psychological contact is considered as a form of minimal interaction between the investigator and the person being interrogated, the tactical potential is extremely demanding to the professional level of the investigator and is represented by various profiling techniques.

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