Corruption Risks: Classification, Assessment and Measures for Their Prevention

The aim of this article is to consider the risks of corruption and methods for their assessment, the development of preventive measures to counter the corrupt behavior of employees. This study was conducted based on the use of the following methods: the study of legal documents, analysis and synthesis of special literature and statistical data. The authors believe that the basis of corruption lies in the economy, but it is always associated with the violation of the rule of law. Corruption is the entry into an unlawful social and economic relationship between the employer, the employee and the government. At the same time, researchers argue that it is corruption risk that contributes to the emergence and spread of corruption-related offenses. Corruption risk means the possibility of implementing a corruption plan. Identification and prevention of corruption risks, according to the authors, is based on the development and practical application of legal, organizational and preventive methods. The legal regulation of anti-corruption activities in the Russian Federation is reflected in regulatory documents. In countering corruption, the timely identification of corruption risks has an important role. According to the authors, they can be classified according to five criteria: by object, by type, by reason of occurrence, by scale of coverage, by the size of financial theft in accordance with the law. Each feature requires a special in-depth study. This article focuses on the risks of corruption in the field of social and labor relations. Among corruption violations, a special place is occupied by personnel corruption. It is one of the most common forms of violation of the human right to work. Corruption risks can be associated with hiring new employees for a vacant position, appointing an employee to a management position, and illegal managerial activities of a manager. In order to counter corruption in an organization, it is necessary to conduct an assessment of corruption risks. It allows to ensure the compliance of anti-corruption measures with the specifics of the organization's activities. The main methods for assessing corruption risks are statistical and expert assessment methods. According to the authors, to combat corruption in the field of labor relations, an effective form is the system of personnel motivation. To prevent corruption and minimize corruption risks, the following preventive measures are proposed: (1) effective monitoring of facts and forms of corruption; creation of a special website; (2) training of employees in anti-corruption literacy; holding of round tables and conferences; (3) periodical sociological surveying and anonymous questioning of the employees; (4) careful selection of employees that control and ensure the implementation of measures to combat corruption; (5) enhanced control over employees whose activities are associated with increased corruption risk; (6) analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of anti-corruption measures, including with the involvement of the public. Countering corruption risks implies coordinated joint efforts of the state, business, employers and employees. They should be systemic.

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