A Dialect Corpus as a New Resource of Regional Lexicography

The article raises the problem of integrating the achievements of lexicography and corpus linguistics. The question of the possibilities of using a corpus as a source for compiling dictionaries is considered on the example of the works of the Tomsk School of Dialectology: a large series of dictionaries of dialects of the Middle Ob region and an electronic dialect corpus representing an archive of records made during dialectological expeditions in the same region (1946-2018; texts with 1,400,000 word usages have been entered and tagged in the corpus). It has been established that the corpus serves as a valuable source of new text materials for compilers of dialect dictionaries. The Central Ob dictionaries, created on the basis of hand-written field records of the 1940s-1970s, have a large proportion of concise examples and metatext illustrations. Fragments of dialect discourse fixed in the corpus (including using technical tools) give lexicographers the possibility of a wider reflection of the live spoken language of dialect speakers. The electronic resource provides illustrative material that reveals the originality of folk life, history, traditions and rites, world view and perception. The corpus data also make it possible to more fully reflect the figurativeness of folk speech, the dialect speakers' broad use of comparisons, metaphors, idioms, small genres of folklore in modern lexicographic works. The corpus is a source of identifying new units remaining outside the regional dictionaries. Among them, there are new words and idioms, as well as formal, lexical-semantic variants and single-root derivatives of the already described words. Their inclusion in the dictionary fills the gaps in the lexicographic representation of the dialect lexical system. In addition, the corpus data can be used as a source for supplementing and specifying the already published lexicographical works. The content of the text-oriented dialect corpus helps the lexicographer to more fully and accurately formulate the interpretation of the meaning of dialect units, specify their grammatical characteristics (including taking into account the frequency of variant word forms), functional features and local prevalence, which allows refining the corresponding areas of dictionary entries. Thus, the dialect corpus, which replaces the handwritten archives of folk speech recordings and traditional card indexes, can be adopted by lexicographers in order to optimize their work on dictionaries. Its materials will help to improve the already created regional explanatory dictionaries and will become a support in the compilation of new generation dictionaries with a broader reflection of spontaneous discourse, with more information about folk linguistic culture, with more labels and description parameters of the dialect word, and with the inclusion of static data. The prospects for the use of the dialect corpus include the creation of new types of lexicographic works: linguoculturological dictionaries, dictionaries of the dialect concepto-sphere, dictionaries of speech genres, precedent texts, etc.

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