International Legal Aspects of Environmental Security at the Present Stage

The main aim of the work is to consider environmental security problems and develop proposals for the further development of regulations in this area. The study is based on theoretical and empirical material. The following international legal acts were used: the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water in 1963, the Stockholm Declaration on the Environment of 1972, etc. The methodological basis for the study was the dialectical, historical legal and formal legal methods. In particular, the use of the dialectical method contributed to the definition of the concept of environmental security, the identification of norms and principles of international law in the field of environmental protection. The use of historical legal and formal legal methods helped to identify the stages of development of norms in the field of environmental security in domestic and international law. As a result, the author came to the conclusion that the continuous improvement of international environmental law, including the use of common or unique natural resources, territories and resources, the preservation of biological diversity in the world by participants in international relations, is important. Effective, consensus-based international procedures and mechanisms that would ensure the rational use of the planet's ecological resources are to be developed. The legal regime of international protection of the environment against various types of damage that has now been established covers many of its areas. But the formation of legal regulation, both international and domestic, lags behind the needs that are dictated by the rapid pace of development of scientific and technological progress and its impact on the environment. Difficulties with the adoption of environmental safety regulations are that they have to deal with a situation in which, under the influence of environmental hazards, it is always possible to clearly identify the main affected parties, but it is difficult to calculate the damage (especially in the long term). Sometimes it can be difficult to find a specific entity (state) to which appropriate sanctions can be applied. For a long period of time, the Russian Federation, which is the successor of the USSR, has been actively participating in international cooperation in compliance with international legal treaties and environmental programs. At the same time, it is often underrepresented in committees and other bodies established on the basis of the treaties.

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