The Program for the Formation of Psychological Stability of Cross-Country Skiers Aged 14 to 16

The article considers the issues of the psychological training of skiers at a specialized school of the Olympic reserve. Based on the results of the diagnosis of individual characteristics of athletes, the authors developed a training program aimed at the formation of psychological stability of cross-country skiers. The study was carried out in conjunction with a team of psychotherapist trainers of persona, the center for personally-oriented psychology. The study involved 20 athletes of the Luiza Noskova Regional School of the Olympic Reserve for Cross-Country Skiing and Biathlon. For the diagnostic unit, the following psychological methods were used: the individual typological children's questionnaire by L.N. Sobchik, the Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (adapted by Yu.L. Khanin), Michelson Social Skills Assessment Test (adapted by Yu.Z. Gilbukh), the MUST test (P.P. Ivanov, E.F. Kolobova) for determining the life values of a person. In order to create psychological prerequisites for increasing the level of professional efficiency of skiers, a training seminar was held on the basis of the Pearl of Siberia, a regional winter sports center in Tyumen, Russia. The study conducted during the summative phase of the experiment allowed determining the basic methods of correctional work to form the psychological stability of 14- to 16-year-old cross-country skiers at the stage of sports improvement. To conduct trainings directly, the participants were divided into two groups: the first group ("red"), athletes with the prospect of sports growth who achieved certain sports results, and the second group ("green"), athletes participating in a special selection for training in sports groups of the Regional School of the Olympic Reserve. Based on the processing and analysis of the psychological diagnosis data of the "red" group of athletes, a training program was developed on the formation of a stable resource state "I am a professional, I am an athlete", with an increase in the level of self-understanding and reflection with awareness of one's current needs, the acquisition of the necessary competencies in recognizing personal statuses and constructive ways of setting goals. For the second ("green") group of athletes, a training program was prepared and conducted on the development of the ability to recognize emotional states, including the level of their own anxiety, aimed at training stress management in the pre-start, competitive and post-competitive periods, the formation of ways of adequate communication. Evaluation of the results of the experiment testifies to the positive impact of the developed training programs, which contribute to a significant improvement in the performance of sports activities of cross-country skiers and to a positive change in the properties and qualities of athletes' personalities.

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