The Migrational Intentions of Student Youth of the Far Eastern Region (On the Materials of the Republic of Buryatia)

The incessant migration outflow, especially of youth, from the regions of the Far East is considered as one of the risk factors for the implementation of the goals and objectives of its priority development, which are enshrined in the Strategy for Spatial Development of the Russian Federation until 2025. Human capital is becoming one of the key development resources for the Republic of Buryatia as a peripheral region of the east of the country with severe environmental restrictions. Therefore, the leak of educated youth is very painful in terms of staffing and the formation of regional elites. In this regard, this article focuses on the study of the qualitative characteristics of the potential migration of youth of the Republic of Buryatia in order to assess the threat of its leakage, which can be used to improve the management of the territory. The main conclusions are based on data of a sociological study of graduate students of universities of the Republic of Buryatia on a targeted sample of N = 790 and the statistical analysis of the relationship of intentions to migrate with value judgments and individual characteristics of respondents. The data analysis showed that the greatest positive effects are inherent in the respondents' negative answers to questions about the correctness of the choice of a university and the quality of education received. That is, one of the main reasons for students' intentions to migrate to another region is their dissatisfaction with the gained knowledge and, as a result, the desire to continue their education at higher-ranking universities in other regions. The greatest negative effects correspond to the answers "15-20 thousand rubles" and "less than 15 thousand rubles" relative to the expected size of a salary upon graduation. That is, low expectations regarding the size of a future salary reduce the likelihood of choosing the option "No" of the dependent variable. This is directly related to the structure of the labor market in the republic when jobs offered on the labor market do not meet applicants' requirements for wages and working conditions and have low social potential that does not suit active young people. The probability of potential migration for respondents planning to work in their specialty is slightly lower than for respondents who do not see the practical application of the knowledge acquired at the university. The revealed motives make it possible to form the image of a student planning to migrate to another region after graduation: s/he is not satisfied with the quality of education, is disappointed with the choice of a university, expects highly paid and highly qualified work and the possibility of applying the knowledge and skills acquired at the university in practice. Improving the quality of services in the field of higher professional education, developing the service sector as a whole and manufacturing industries are proposed as measures to reduce youth migration.

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