A Comprehensive Analysis of the Architectural Heritage of Tara (Omsk Oblast)

The article presents the result of a comprehensive analysis of the wooden architecture monuments of Tara, a city located in the Middle Irtysh region. Today the city is one of the old Siberian cities which preserved the historical and architectural environment of the 18th-19th centuries. The comprehensive analysis was based on a multidisciplinary approach and included four components: a) analysis of the current state of the historical and cultural heritage of Tara, b) architectural and ethnographic examination of buildings, c) dendrochronological dating of architectural monuments, d) integrated assessment of the state of Tara's architectural and historical environment. The monitoring of Tara's historical and architectural environment has shown that the house of merchant A.I. Shcherbakov, at 8 Sovetskaya St., does not exist today. Two houses - a mansion at 63 Aleksandrovskaya St. (priest Aleksandrov's house), which is the hallmark of Tara, and the house at 23a Ner-pinskaya St. (merchant Aytykin's residential house) - are currently in disrepair and in need of emergency restoration. It has also been determined that several preserved wooden houses (for example, at 66 and 73 Mikhaila Ulyanova St., at 28a Dzerzhinskogo St., etc.) can claim to be included in the List of Cultural Heritage Objects (Monuments of History and Culture) Located on the Territory of Omsk Oblast according to their architectural features. The architectural and ethnographic examination has resulted in descriptions and preliminary dating of six objects (building at 63 Aleksandrovskaya St., building ensemble at Karbysheva St., buildings at 66 and 73 Mikhaila Ulyanova St., building at 28a Dzerzhinskogo St.) according to their architectural features. The calendar dating has resulted in the following: a) the dating of the house at 63 Aleksandrovskaya St. has been substantially clarified as the first half of the 1840s (not earlier than 1837); b) the dating of the architectural ensemble at Karbysheva St. has been refuted and changed to an earlier time - the first decade of the 19th century (not earlier than 1794); c) the house at 66 Mikhaila Ulyanova St. was built in the first half of the 1810s (not earlier than 1813); d) the collapsing house at 28a Dzerzhinskogo St. is dated to the 1820s (not earlier than 1818); d) the house at 73 Mikhaila Ulyanova St., which does not have the status of a monument, turned out to be the oldest wooden building in Tara - it was built in 1773. As a result of a comprehensive comparison of all data, it has been proved that it is far from possible to determine the construction time of buildings relying only on their architectural features. The most correct dating can only be obtained using dendrochronological analysis. The result of the work is the conclusion that the List of Cultural Heritage Objects (Monuments of History and Culture) Located on the Territory of Omsk Oblast needs substantial refinement.

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