Issues in the Development and Reforming of the Educational System in the Republic of Tajikistan in 2000-2020

The aim of this research is to define the place and role of the educational system that was formed in the Republic of Tajikistan in the process of achieving the goal that republic has set for itself: poverty elimination by transforming the country into an agrarianindustrial state by 2030. This article is based on the following sources: data from the World Bank researches carried out in 20102020 on the social and economical development of the Republic of Tajikistan, data from the Agency on Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2000-2020, and data from independent international nongovernmental organizations and researchers. The author came to the following conclusion. As a result of the civil war in the 1990s, the Republic of Tajikistan lost about 1/3 of its gross national income. More than 800 thousand people left the country - mostly highly skilled professionals, which led to the interruption in the transfer of knowledge and skills, and to the sharp degradation of the various spheres of the economy. But the educational system of Tajikistan was the hardest hit. The end of the civil war and the establishment of a stable political system led to a rather quick resurrection of the country's economy. GNI's growth in the first quarter of the 21st century was almost 5% per year. The basis for the educational system of the independent Tajikistan was the education law adopted in 2004. It formulated the main principles for the functioning of this system and served as a basis for a whole set of laws that formed a complete educational system in the Republic of Tajikistan. However, the result of the catastrophic decline in the educational level during the civil war and the following period of reconstruction was that by 2020 the educational system, with the help of the government, was only able to heal the wounds. A major role was also played by Russia, which rendered significant financial and methodological assistance to the Republic of Tajikistan in this process. With Russia's help, Tajikistan was able to reconstruct and build new schools, receive thousands of new textbooks and teaching guides; leading Russian universities opened their branches in Tajikistan; every year Russia allocates more that 600 quotas for teaching Tajik students in the leading Russian universities; annually 50 Russian language teachers are sent to the country. The national development strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030 assigns a significant part in its implementation to the educational system. However, the flaws in it and its place in the structure of the Tajik government and in the priorities of the social, political, and economic development make it impossible to assume that the level of education in the republic will significantly change in the near future, and that science and knowledge-based industries will appear in the country.

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