Innovative vector of Norway's maritime industry development
According to the updated Norwegian maritime strategy, its further economic growth will be closely linked with the maritime industry development, which is focused on satisfying the world economy's growing demand for food, energy, and transportation services. Along with supporting the traditional sectors of its maritime industry (offshore hydrocarbon production, fishing, coastal aquaculture, shipping, etc.), Oslo plans to develop some innovative areas of the industry, such as offshore aquaculture, offshore renewable energy and “green” shipping, which are the main research objects of this work. The author presents an analysis of the main innovative projects implemented by Norway in various sectors of its maritime economy. Amid the international community's concern over the global environmental situation, Oslo is actively developing and implementing advanced technological solutions in its maritime industry, which can not only reduce the level of negative impact on the environment, but also significantly improve its economic performance. A key feature of Norway's maritime industry development is the deepening of intersectoral collaboration, which enabled it to implement oil and gas technologies into offshore aquaculture and offshore wind energy, as well as traditional net-pen aquaculture technologies into offshore solar energy projects. Particular attention in the article is paid to the digitalization of Norway's maritime industry, aimed at ensuring automation or, in some projects, complete autonomy of the utilization of different floating and fixed maritime constructions (vessels, offshore fish farms and power plants).Moreover, the author assesses the Norwegian government's efforts in facilitating further maritime industry development, which includes educating specialists in information and communication technologies, expanding international cooperation, implementing public-private partnership programs, searching for new sales markets and revising the state investment system. In conclusion, the author suggests that in the future the global demand for environmentally friendly innovative technologies produced by Norway will increase, thereby providing for new employment opportunities, development of the national maritime industry and, as a result, the country's sustainable economic growth.
Keywords
Norway,
economy,
shipping,
renewable energy,
offshore aquaculture,
digitalization,
“green” technologiesAuthors
| Kravchuk Aleksey A. | Far Eastern Federal University | zkv3krava@mail.ru |
Всего: 1
References
Норвежский фонд продаст активы нефтегазовых компаний на $6 млрд // VestiFinance. 03.10.2019. URL: https://www.vestifinance.ru/articles/125962 (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Кравчук А.А. Экономическая политика Норвегии в Арктике // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. 2020. Т. 64, № 5. С. 101-108.
The Norwegian Government's Ocean Strategy - New Growth, Proud History // Regjeringen. 2017. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/00f5d674cb684873844bf3c0b19e0511/the-norwegian-governments-ocean-strategy---new-growth-proud-history.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Blue Opportunities - The Norwegian Government's Updated Ocean Strategy // Regjeringen. 2019. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/nfd/dokumenter/strategier/w-0026-e-blue-opportunities_uu.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 - Meeting the Sustainable Development Goals // FAO. 2019. URL: http://www.fao.org/3/i9540en/i9540en.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
External economy // Statistics Norway. 2020. URL: https://www.ssb.no/en/utenriksokonomi (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Norwegian Seafood Exports Top NOK 107 Billion in 2019 // Norwegian Seafood Council. 07.01.2020. URL: https://en.seafood.no/news-andmedia/news-archive/norwegian-seafood-exports-top-nok-107-billion-in-2019/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Key Figures from the Norwegian Aquaculture Industry 2018 // Fiskeridir. 2019. URL: https://www.fiskeridir.no/English/Aquaculture/Statistics/Booklets (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Позиция WWF России по вопросу садковой аквакультуры // WWF. 2020. URL: https://wwf.ru/about/positions/sadkovaya-akvakulturaryborazvedenie/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
На воду спустили платформу “Ocean Farm 1” // Aquavitro. 01.11.2017. URL: http://aquavitro.org/2017/11/01/na-vodu-spustili-platformu-ocean-farm-1/ (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
SalMar's Gigantic Ocean Farm Gears Up for Harvest // Salmon Business. 19.07.2018. URL: https://salmonbusiness.com/salmars-gigantic-ocean-farm-gears-up-for-harvest/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Offshore Salmon Farming “the Right Direction” for SalMar // SeaFoodSource. 18.03.2020. URL: https://www.seafoodsource.com/news/aquaculture/offshore-salmon-farming-the-right-direction-for-salmar (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Norway's Fish Industry Gets Chinese Boost // China Daily. 05.06.2017. URL: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/cn_eu/2017-06/05/content_29611484.htm (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Nordlaks Wants to Build Three Versions of the Havfarm // Salmon Business. 09.08.2017. URL: https://salmonbusiness.com/nordlaks-wants-to-build-three-versions-of-the-havfarm/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Boka Vanguard is Shipping a Massive Fish Farm to Norway // Project Cargo Journal. 11.05.2020. URL: https://www.projectcargojournal.com/shipping/2020/05/11/boka-vanguard-is-shipping-a-massive-fish-farm-to-norway/?gdpr=accept (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
SalMar Hopes to Begin Construction of ‘Ultimate Offshore Farm' This Summer // Undercurrent News. 04.03.2020. URL: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2020/03/04/salmar-hopes-to-begin-construction-of-ultimate-offshore-farm-this-summer/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Ocean Farm's Big Brother Will Go Ahead Says SalMar // FishFarmingExpert. 25.02.2019. URL: https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/ ocean-farms-big-brother-to-go-ahead-says-salmar/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
National Strategy for Research and Development of New Energy Technology - Energi21 // Energi21. 2018. URL: https://www.energi21.no/siteassets/energi21strategi2018lr.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Statistical Review of World Energy 2020 // British Petroleum. 2020. URL: https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2020-full-report.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Offshore Wind Outlook 2019 - World Energy Outlook Special Report // International Energy Agency. 2019. URL: http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Offshore_Wind_Outlook_2019.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Global Maritime Renewable Projects // Global Maritime. 2019. URL: https://www.globalmaritime.com/renewables (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Offshore Wind in Equinor // Equinor. 2020. URL: https://www.equinor.com/en/what-we-do/wind.html (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Global Offshore Wind Report 2019 // WFO. 2020. URL: https://wfo-news.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/WFO_Global-Offshore-Wind-Report-2019.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Hywind Tampen Approved by Norwegian Authorities // Equinor. 2020. URL: https://www.equinor.com/en/news/2020-04-08-hywind-tampen-approved.html (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Norwegians Talk Offshore Wind in Japan // OffshoreWind.biz. 26.10.2018. URL: https://www.offshorewind.biz/2018/10/26/norwegians-talk-offshore-wind-in-japan/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Floating Offshore Wind Project in South Korea // Equinor. 11.07.2019. URL: https://www.equinor.com/en/news/2019-07-11-floating-offshore-wind-project-in-south-korea.html (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Norway's Equinor to Cooperate with China's CPIH in Offshore Wind // Reuters. 25.09.2019. URL: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-equinor-renewables-china/norways-equinor-to-cooperate-with-chinas-cpih-in-offshore-wind-idUSKBN1WA1FA (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Solar power // Statkraft. 2020. URL: https://www.statkraft.com/what-we-do/solar-power/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Solar energy in Equinor // Equinor. 2020. URL: https://www.equinor.com/en/what-we-do/solar.html (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Statkraft Selects Norwegian Ocean Sun to Supply Floating Solar Plant in Albania // Statkraft. 12.03.2019. URL: https://www.statkraft.com/newsroom/news-and-stories/archive/2019/floating-solar-pv/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
About Ocean Sun // Ocean Sun. 2020. URL: https://oceansun.no/about/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
The Government's Action Plan for Green Shipping // Regjeringen. 2019. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/2ccd2f4e14d44bc88c93ac4effe78b2f/the-governments-action-plan-for-green-shipping.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Review of Maritime Transport 2019 // UNCTAD. 2020. URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/rmt2019_en.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Greenhouse Gas Emissions // IMO. 2019. URL: http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/GHG-Emissions.aspx (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Green Shipping Programme // DNV-GL. 2020. URL: https://www.dnvgl.com/maritime/green-shipping-programme/index.html (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Green Shipping Programme: Creating the World's Most Environment-Friendly Fleet // The Explorer. 12.02.2020. URL: https://www.theexplorer.no/stories/ocean/green-shipping-programme-creating-the-worlds-most-environment-friendly-coastal-fleet/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Initiated Pilots - First in the World // DNV-GL. 2020. URL: https://www.dnvgl.com/maritime/green-shipping-programme/GSPPilotProject.html (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Battery Electric Car Ferry in Norway // PPMC-transport. 2015. URL: http://www.ppmc-transport.org/battery-electric-car-ferry-in-norway/ (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Three More Hybrid Ferries in Build in Norway // Maritime Journal. 06.12.2019. URL: https://www.maritimejournal.com/news101/power-and-propulsion/three-more-hybrid-ferries-in-build-in-norway (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Remontowa Shipbuilding launched first electric ferry for Norway // Poland at Sea - Maritime Economy Portal. 04.10.2019. URL: http://www.polandatsea.com/remontowa-shipbuilding-launched-first-electric-ferry-for-norway/ (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Yara Birkeland Project Paused Due to COVID-19 // Marine Link. 11.05.2020. URL: https://www.marinelink.com/news/yara-birkeland-project-paused-due-covid-478386 (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
119 Enova-Millioner Til ASKOs Autonome Fart0y // Enova. 16.03.2019. URL: https://presse.enova.no/news/119-enova-millioner-til-askos-autonome-fartoey-362196 (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Space Norway in Brief // Space Norway. 2019. URL: https://spacenorway.no/home/(дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
Long-Term Plan for Research and Higher Education 2019-2028 // Regjeringen. 2019. URL: https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/9aa4570407c34d4cb3744d7acd632654/en-gb/pdfs/stm201820190004000engpdfs.pdf (дата обращения: 03.07.2020).
