Methods of assessing the development of special stamina in female sprinters during the initial sports specialization

The article presents a methodology for assessing the development of special stamina in female sprinters during the initial sports specialization training. The methodology was developed taking into account their age characteristics, the period of sports training, the needs of the kind of sport. The theoretical justification of this technique is based on the following factors: (1) the insufficiency of generally accepted tests for identifying the reasons limiting the special stamina development and slowing sports achievement results down; (2) various kinds of special sprinter stamina manifestations by running different distances (for example, 0-30 meters for speed and strength stamina, 30-90 meters for alactic and anaerobic stamina, 90-150 meters for alactate-lactate anaerobic stamina); (3) the possibility of individualizing the development of special stamina, depending on what distance segments the speed decreases. According to the developed methodology, special stamina development is assessed during training though preliminary, operational and final control. The mean idea of its development is the usage of a generally recognized set of test exercises, such as the flying 30 m sprint test, 60-meter standing start (fixed in the Federal Standard for Athletic Sports Training) in combination with 150-meter sprint in segments: 0-30 m, 30-90 m, 90-150 m, which is an additional test similar in structure to competitive activity. The analysis of taking generally accepted tests makes it possible to determine the maximum speed capabilities, speed-strength abilities, and speed stamina, to reveal the athlete's reserves for further special stamina development. The analysis of taking the 150-meter sprint test allows clarifying information about the performance of female sprinters' special stamina at the distance segments, thereby determining the reasons that limit the achievement of the special stamina development and slow athletics sprint sports results down. Based on the data obtained within the framework of various types of control, the coach can individualize the process of special physical training in sprint. The effectiveness of the methods for assessing the development of special stamina for female sprinters during the initial sports specialization was confirmed itself during the research. A conclusion was made about the possibility of its application in sports practice.

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