The functioning of schools in the rear during the Great Patriotic War (on the example of schools in Vokzalny (now Oktyabrsky) District of Tomsk)

The relevance of the study is in the need to restore the forgotten history of Tomsk schools during the Great Patriotic War within the framework of Tomsk State Pedagogical University's "Map of Victory" project. The school in the rear as a social institution was a full participant of organized public work and aid to the front. The history of the heroic deed of the school during the Great Patriotic War is a powerful activator of patriotic influence in the education of modern youth. Archival documents of the State Archive of Tomsk Oblast and the Center for Documentation of Contemporary History of Tomsk Oblast, introduced into scientific discourse, allow identifying the specificity of the school as a social institution through the expansion of social functions: social services (school meals, provision of clothes and shoes, school supplies), social-medical ones (provision of health surveillance, medical care, epidemic prevention measures, organization of summer health programs, special medical services in schools), labor education (organization of socially useful work in the rear: agricultural work, railway lines construction, work in hospitals), patriotic education (military physical training together with anti-air and anti-chemical defense), organization of direct assistance to the front (collecting scrap metal, bottles for making the Molotov Cocktail, making ski rings for ski poles, sending parcels and letters to the front, collecting funds for combat equipment). The rear school during the war years fulfilled its main - educational and educative - function by providing universal education and improving the performance of students. Thus, during the war the rear school as a social institution was the conductor of state policy aimed at maintaining the life and health of children, as well as ensuring that they receive education. The above reliable facts from the history of Tomsk schools are a typical reflection of the wartime situation in other rear regions of our country. Cand. Sci. (History), associate professor The author declares no conflicts of interests.

Keywords

Authors

References