Systems approach to study of innovation processes in regional economic systems

Generally accepted in the theoretical and practical aspects is the assertion that the sustainable development of the Russian economy and enhancing of its competitiveness in the world market is impossible without using an innovative type of development. The regional level is increasingly important to strengthen innovation processes, to provide targeted support to innovating firms and academic institutions. This fact is due, on the one hand, to the nature of the innovation processes of a localized nature; on the other hand, to the need to take into account the differentiation of Russian regions, utilizing the benefits of specialization. Non-linearity, complexity and dynamism of the innovative processes necessitated the use of a systematic approach to build innovative systems at the national and regional levels. It allows to take into account most affecting nuances and factors. Using a systems approach and multidimensional analysis it seems possible to choose indicators, identify patterns, and the sphere of influence of individual spatial systems on the economy and on that basis determine the role of innovation processes in the region in the national economy, defined as participation in the formation and effect on outcome of macroeconomic indicators. The region is, on the one hand, part of a series of systems that implement different purposes of society and, on the other hand, is itself a complex socio-technical system; numerous internal and external objectives must be consistent. Hence the objective of harmonization of various kinds of administrative activity in different areas of a regional mechanism is to match the levels of its components necessary for their effective cooperation. This article explores the region as a socio-economic system, which is a combination of five main subsystems: technical, economic, social, information, communication and management. Analysis of the relationship of the three hierarchy levels strategies allowed the author to single out the following regional innovation management and form the basis for innovation typology of regions. The diversity of regional development in Russia defines non-uniformity of processes, development, deployment and diffusion of innovation in the economy of the country, exacerbating differences between regions, both economically and socially. Therefore, the definition of the state innovation policy and strategy for sustainable regional development is one of the most important tasks of modern economic science.

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