Modern tendencies of economic systems innovative development strategy formation

Economic growth, sustainable development, raising living standards are the main tasks of modern Russia. The task of doubling GDP within 10 years has created a situation where, on the one hand, there is a specific indicator of impact assessment in the economy and, on the other hand, it became necessary to qualitatively change the policies of the country, which can be labeled as a transition to the innovative development strategies at both the macro and micro levels. The need to take the economy to the innovation way of development is stated in the Strategy and Concept of Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation up to the year 2020, developed and adopted in the upper echelons of power. However, the process of building an innovative economy in Russia is extremely slow. Emphasis on commodity development model diverts investment and human resources from solving tasks of modernization of Russian industry, the development of high-and medium-tech industries, so that the technological gap between Russia and the developed countries is steadily increasing. Strategy of innovation development, on the one hand, is intended to regulate the functioning of the innovation sphere, i.e., refers to the horizontal component of the socio-economic policy and, on the other hand, includes separate economic and motivational elements (for example, tax regulation of innovation). Hierarchical structure of the strategy of innovative development is linked to the strategic allocation of four levels: macro level, regional level, sectoral and micro levels. Experience in formulation and implementation of State innovation strategy in many countries shows that it is generally not a pure expression of a theoretical model, and consists in a composition of various kinds. The article highlights several critical areas of the State strategy of innovative development at the present stage of development of the world economy, and identifies the main factors that affect the pace and content of the strategy of innovative development. In conditions of transition economy to the innovation way of development the innovation strategy needs to take a new position in the whole system of State regulation. It cannot be an isolated fragment of the socio-economic development strategy, and becomes the centre of the system of State regulation and permeates all aspects of it. It should be focused on stimulating the transfer of knowledge, including acquiring the form of technology transfer. Innovation strategy in the period of economic reforms and various kinds of extreme situations should be active, more rigid and defined.

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