Loneliness - deficit of openness in situation of changes

The article proposes to clarify the understanding of the problems of loneliness of adolescents and young people in light of modern scientific knowledge and research data. In this article the attitude to the specific aspects of the age of loneliness (the content of identity crisis in adolescence) is reconsidered: it is proposed to identify the positive meaning of loneliness (willingness to be one to one with its work and life) and the negative meaning of loneliness (estrangement from its life, career and business) and to test the hypothesis that loneliness in the positive meaning is different from loneliness in its negative aspect: in the first case, the structure of existence coincides with the trends of human development and human in person, but in the second case, the structure of existence does not coincide with it. There is an assumption that loneliness in adolescence and youth is the result of associating various factors and life changing trends. In the article the results of an empirical research of degree of loneliness (social isolation) of 187 students of 7-10 forms of Semey schools are described, the interrelation indicators of loneliness and degree of depression, the level of loneliness and personal anxiety are given. The key measure was determination of the degree of loneliness (social isolation) by the method of D. Russell and M. Ferguson. The research of personal anxiety was carried out by the technique of Spielberg, which was modified by Hanin. Determining the degree of depression was conducted on the Beck scale (Russian-adapted version). Some respondents were examined using a reduced modified form of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - MMPI. In the statistical analysis of the data parametric and non-parametric methods were used. As a boundary criterion of statistical significance in order to refute the null hypothesis p < 0.05 was accepted. The results of the research of social isolation indicate a high level of loneliness of adolescents and young people (the percentage of individuals with high levels of loneliness in both gender groups exceeded 60%) contrary to a popular stereotype of the extent of loneliness among adolescents and young people. A statistically significant difference was revealed in the level of personal anxiety between the group of people with high levels of loneliness and the group of people with a low level of social isolation: excess in the first case was 34.4% (p < 0.05). A statistically significant interrelation of loneliness and depression was revealed: in the group with low levels of loneliness the indicator prevailed of values which are in sub-depression, and in groups with a high level of loneliness the indicator prevailed of values, which are in moderate depression. This way, it was found that young people who showed signs of increased anxiety, introversion and tendency to depression had a clearly defined tendency to loneliness in various meanings. On the basis that the hypothesis is confirmed the prospect is indicated of further study of conformity-non-conformity of the structure of existence (individual human life in the context of updating and integrity) of trends of human development.

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