Specific elements of culture: genesis from cultural-continuum space and problems of relations with socio-cultural phenomena

Culture232as one of basic elements of modern social and cultural realities, alongside with various processes occurring in the society, is frequently represented not only as a developed system of products of material and non-material activity of the person, social norms and establishments, spiritual values, people's treating of nature, environment, of themselves and each other; but also as a dynamically developing phenomenon - capable of reacting adequately to the changing needs of the society during its historical life. Any particular culture, originating and developing (even in our consciousness, reconstructed by historical evidence, archaeological artefacts, works of art and logical conclusions, as it happens to cultures of dead civilizations) from social and cultural formations of a higher level, bears the culture's imprint (a certain 'cultural code'). And particular elements of modern culture are closely related to concrete historical, social and more general (in relation to them) cultural conditions and processes. In its turn, these particular elements influence some social and cultural phenomena within the sphere of their activity (especially those ones, which are simultaneously connected with the subjective reality of an individual and the objective realities of the society, common cultural space and historical process). The concept 'political culture' has multiple meanings due to its exclusion from the general cultural space and to the various senses of concepts 'politics' and culture' in English-speaking and Russian-speaking cultures. The structure 'tragic', represented in various languages and social and cultural realities, includes various components. Within the English language paradigm, the field «tragic» contains terms and concepts connected with personal experience and personal relations of characters in the analysed material: I, hero, dead, enemy, blood, fear, etc. At the same time, within the Russian language paradigm, alongside with the elements connected with personal relations of characters to the events described in texts (death, love, I), the semantic field of concept 'tragic' includes common cultural, universal concepts: war, death, trouble, grief, life.

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