Nostalgia for the Soviet in literary criticism of «thick» magazines of 1990s

The author describes the forms of nostalgia for the Soviet in literary criticism of 1990s and the conditions of their occurrence. Nostalgia for the Soviet in literary criticism occurs in 1992-1993. This was promoted by the following conditions: the factor of status (in early 1990s criticism loses its numerous reader, loses the status of the instance, which forms public opinion. It directs the sight to the past), the factor of age (1990s is the time of maturing of generation critics, which appeared during the perestroika. The criticism loses maximalism in estimating the past, pathos), the factor of duty (for a long time criticism interpreted the text sociologically, now it does not coincide with the new literature. As a result, criticism prefers literature of the late Soviet period), loss of ideological, national identity, sensation of fragility of the present. In these circumstances reference to the Soviet is melancholy on the last stable period of life. The forms of nostalgia in literary-critical texts are diverse. Most widespread are the following: memoirs of the youth, returning to the past to comprehend it in the situation from the outside, melancholy on former values, on the former status and others. The different forms of nostalgia for the Soviet in literary criticism of 1990s testify that reference to the Soviet is a gnoseological crutch. Criticism is not focused on the result of nostalgia, on the process of memoirs, on comparison.

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