The development of the city of Tomsk at the end of 18 - beginning of 20 century

The article considers some aspects of the development of Tomsk from the positions of state town-planning policy at the end of 18 - beginning of 20 c., as well as the actions of local authorities and their executive jurisdiction - Municipal administration. The development of Tomsk at the end of 18 - beginning of 19 centuries included the measures ensuring normal conditions of the roads, building and strengthening of docks, bridges and ferries. The activity of an engineer of transport communications G.S. Batenkov and his contribution to city development are considered. In 1850s a special Committee of city development was created, which members included the Duma members and a city architect. The activity of Municipal Duma and administration which were solely responsible for city development after the new City Rule of 1870 is investigated. This activity was carried out by a special committee which was headed by the professor of Tomsk technological institute E.L. Zubachev, also a Duma member. Other committees on water pipes and fire were also formed. The measures taken to pave the main streets and squares as well as the organizational aspects of this work which began in 1902 are considered. It is known, that besides those voluntarily employed for this work the prisoners of Tomsk civil department were recruited. The questions related to the construction of a water pipe in Tomsk which was executed by the Moscow firm "Society of mechanical factories of Bromley brothers" in 1903-1908 are investigated.One of the important elements of municipal economy of Tomsk was the installation of electrical illumination. It has become possible due to the contract between the municipal administration and an engineering firm "Technical-industrial bureau", which agreed to provide the central part of Tomsk with electric energy. The questions of urban gardening and planning of gardens, parks, parkways etc. are further considered. Here invaluable help was rendered by the university professor of botany N.P. Krylov. In Municipal Duma a special decision about planting and gardening was accepted. Only on the verge of the 19 -20 century, due to the activity of Municipal public managements, some largest Siberian cities, including Tomsk, had public water pipes, electric illumination of the central street, comfortable gardens, parks and parkways. The data on the organization and execution of development works are provided. Great attention is also given to different development measures. The qualitative and quantitative level of works is determined and compared to other Siberian cities.

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