System engineering providing safe work of transport in the conditions of the limited visibility in the Sakhalin region

Transport is a national economy branch, the functioning of which depends on weather conditions. Thus, maintenance of safe traffic of various types of transport is a problem of vital importance. It is necessary to improve the monitoring system after such meteorological phenomena as foggy formations, using not only the data of hydrometeorological stations, but also the data received from satellites and the potential of GIS-technologies. One of the features of Sakhalin climate is the high relative humidity of air; it reaches great values in winter and in summer. In summer even in the middle of the day the relative humidity is about 75-80%, which causes long fogs that can remain continuously for several days. The meteorological data received from hydrometeorological stations is the basic material for recognition and forecasting of such a dangerous phenomenon as fog. More careful studying of cloud systems of various scales became possible after introducing a meteorological satellite. The matter is that the observers at stations can survey only a small site of the ground part of the Earth. Information received from satellites about the character of change of spectral characteristics as a result of presence of hindrances, allows automatic allocating all sites covered with fogs of a certain kind or smokes by the space pictures of the Earth. Such activities will allow lowering essentially the risk of various types of transport failure in case of timely information transfer to traffic participants with corresponding recommendations. For this purpose it is necessary to organise special services engaged in decoding, analysis and estimation of the received information on the type and properties of observable fogs.

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