Social designing as designing time in social systems

of engineering thinking in designing of social systems from the beginning of the 20th century. First of all, it concerns the totalitarianstates where the government has assumed overall responsibility for formation of structure of social space and time. As M. Geller marks,time of social systems in such conditions starts compressing the way it is planned by the strategy of social and economic development.By the end of the 1960s within the management theory there was a group of practices united under the general concept of social designing.As Kurbatov marks, the specificity of social designing is that its result is creation of an image of social objects, social qualities,social processes and relations. Designing is also characterized as a group of constructive approaches having active influence on an imageof the future through influence on social processes. Social philosophy faced the problem of judgment of this specific branch of socialtechnologies and this methodological problem was solved in various ways. V.L. Glazychev, D.B. Dondurey and O.I. Genisaretskyoffered one of the most perspective concepts of cultural social designing in 1980s. Social designing here is not an administrative activity,but formation of such social environments that will provide optimum development of a corresponding social community. T. Lukmannames synchronization of social and subject time as the basic method of designing time in a social system. Synchronization is not onlythe establishment of the relation of a real or imagined simultaneity between people, but also the similarity of those cognitive designs, inwhich they comprehend and estimate time − time categories and systems of time countdown. Paradoxically, in social projects realizedtoday in Russia, the designer models new communications and relations, attributes their validity without a sufficient basis, accepts thewished for the valid, ignoring time specific for the community. It seems to the designer that if the social system which s/he wishes tocreate, is described in detail, it can be implanted in social life. One of the conditions of effective realization of designing is intensivedevelopment of social sciences in four basic directions: development of the social theories explaining and predicting the behaviour ofsocial systems and other social phenomena in their context of social systems time; development of adequate representations of processof social projects realization that assumes not only the description of existing samples of social projects realization, but also their practicalworking out taking into account the specificity of social environments.

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