Social-historical conditions of professionalizing of investigative activity at the stage of the Soviet criminalistics formation

In the article socialculturalconditions, scientific-cognitive potential of criminalistics, developing conceptual approaches directed to quality of crimes investigationand professionalism improvement of inspectors are analyzed. Criminalistics transition in 1917 to a different social-historicalspace inspired a number of investigations significant for the development of scientific-criminalistic knowledge. Radical change of scientific-world outlook paradigm, cultural revolution, change of the law ideology and legislation in the field of criminal legal proceedings,preliminary investigation of crimes inspired many topical issues of scientific-cognitive and practical nature. The epoch took up the matterwith criminalists of what to begin Soviet criminalistics updating and development with? In this transitional for the science situation,criminalists solved an ultimately ambitious and intellectually difficult problem - science inheritance adaptation to new social-historicalrealities. In particular, this period of time is characterized by low professionalism of investigative staff. This circumstance extremelyaggravated the necessity of adaptation of former and developing scientific-criminalistic knowledge to the intellectual potential of inspectors.Science development, quality of investigation directly depended on the optimality of its solution. Criminalists perceived adequateconformity of scientific knowledge to intellectual potential of inspectors as a social order. A methodological key of understanding of itsbeing is scale simplification of criminalistic knowledge. Simplification appreciably defined scientific problems, profundity of scientificjudgements, style of material presentation, nature of criminalistic recommendations on crimes investigation. Developed during this periodof time scientific-cognitive approaches, methods and standards, owing to intellectual inertia, still preserve its influence. Overcomingof simplicity and availability of scientific knowledge to a non-specialist as a certain ideal and creation of a new image of criminalisticsremains an urgent problem.

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