Social and cultural development of the Middle Ob region in the 19th - early 20th centuries based on the architectural and genealogical sources

Architectural and genealogical sources are of considerable interest for the study of the social and culturaldevelopment of the Middle Ob region during the 19th - early 20th centuries. It is then that the first stone churches were built in thearea; a great number of wooden churches were built from the middle of the 19th century; the style of the religious buildings changedrepeatedly within a short period of time. As a result of two hundred years of economic development of the Middle Ob region Russianlong-standing inhabitants formed a special residential complex. On its basis the country-estate of the new Russian settlers migratingfrom the European part of Russia began to take shape in the middle of the 19th century. Studying the architectural sources we can tracethe changes in the architecture (shape, techniques, details) that were brought from the European part of Russia in definite chronologicalperiods and transformed under the different social, economic and climate conditions while being in a constant interaction with the architecturaltraditions of the indigenous people. More than 120 churches, houses of worship and chapels were built in the villages within thepresent boundaries of Tomsk region in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. All in all, in the beginning of the 20th century in Tomsk Orthodoxdiocese there were six monasteries, 590 churches, 35 prayer houses, 140 chapels and 20 ambulatory churches. Among the preservedhouses a special place in the old Russian settlements is occupied by a double house, in which the living and the household areasare equal but have separate roofs with parallel apexes. Taking into account the identified areas of developed porches, it can be assumedwith a high degree of reliability that the north-Russian house complexes were built in Siberia by settlers from the North of Russia, andtheir planning was transformed under the influence of local conditions. The study of the buildings on the lodges of the Old Believers isof considerable interest for the clarification of many scientific theoretical issues. Modern researchers have an opportunity to trace theevolution of housing by example of one country estate from the simplest four-wall construction to a more complicated five-part houserecorded in all researched lodges. The architectural aspect is not exclusive in studying the cultural heritage of the Middle Ob region. Thecombination of analysing the architectural and genealogical sources has led to more extensive information about the history of land development.Thus, a comprehensive study of architectural and genealogical sources allows for a deeper and more complete analysis of themicro-history, inscribed into the regional and national culture; while the obtained observations and generalizations are important to addressthe general issues of the history and development of the Middle Ob region.

Keywords

Authors

References