Integrative and differential approaches to research of doctors burnout

The specificity of the professional work of doctors: numerous contacts with sick people, ahigh level of responsibility for life and health of other people, necessity to risk their health and life, etc., - all this can cause a professionalburnout condition. Now the problem of studying of the structure of mental burnout condition is characterized by methodologicaluncertainty. There are enough models explaining how burnouts occur. They can be systematized in two basic approaches: productiveand remedial. Representatives of the productive approach consider burning out as a certain condition including a number of concreteelements (K. Maslach, etc.). Representatives of the remedial approach consider the condition of burning out as a process proceedingduring professional development of the person and having a stage character (V.V. Boyko, etc.). The idea of the integrative and the differentialapproaches to studying the occurrence and the genesis of mental burnout condition has acted as the methodological basis of theresearch. As the productive approach does not include the aspect of burnout genesis, and the remedial approach does not realize the ideaof the structure, we have come to a conclusion about the necessity of integration of these approaches for a substantiation of the structural-remedial nature of the studied phenomenon and a possibility of research of the transformations in other mental phenomena - thecondition of property. We have proved that in the condition of mental burnout the transition from one phase to another is accompaniedwith the strengthening of communication between the structural elements: emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, depersonalisationand reduction of personal achievements, emotional exhaustion and reduction of personal achievements. An increase ofthe level of their expressiveness that leads to transformation of the burnout condition in the condition of property at the phase of exhaustionis also observed. The differential approach has allowed revealing specific displaying of the information basis of activity as sets ofits subject and subjective conditions (V.D. Shadrikov) on geneses of mental burnout conditions. The received results of the research canbe considered in the development of the contents of preventive and correctional actions of the mental burnout condition for the expertsbelonging to the same professional group - doctors.

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