On conservative essence of the Black Hundred

The rise of the Black-Hundred organizations (such as the Union of the Russian people, the Russian MonarchicalParty, the Union of the Archangel Michael and others) on the political arena of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century was conditionedby the reaction of the traditional part of the population on the First Russian Revolution and Manifesto of October 17,1905 to defendthe basic values of the Russian civilization - Orthodoxy, autocracy, nationality. This gives grounds to determine the Black-Hundred to theconservative spectrum, because extreme-rights counteracted to the attempts of the liberal and revolutionary movements to undermine theabsolute monarchy. The main cause of all-class participation in the activity of the Black Hundred organizations was the commonness ofreligious consciousness and traditional outlook. The most important characteristic feature of the Black Hundred was the adherence to theuniversal Christian tradition. In spite of plenty of programs of extreme right organizations, all of them had a single ideological basis - Orthodoxy,autocracy, nationality. It was a Russian conservative S.S. Uvarov who formed this principle in the 19th century. Uvarovs principlebecame the distillation of the conservative political philosophy which included religious and national constants. In the Black-Hundred ideologythis formula got national content, because it displayed in mental and political spheres and reflected the absolute principle of the Russianbeing. The problem of identification of the Black-Hundred organizations as conservative ones can bе solved by using S.S. Uvarovsprinciple Orthodoxy, autocracy, nationality. The problem of identification to the Black-Hundred spectrum can be solved by the criterionof defense of the absolute Russian Orthodox monarchy. Using this criterion gives an opportunity to recognize Dubrovins Union of RussianPeople as a model of the Black-Hundred organization and revise the views existent in historical science about the identity of the Black-Hundred and nationalist (including fascist) doctrine. Differences of ideological foundations conditioned sharp distinctions between theBlack-Hundred and nationalist (including fascist) doctrines in the methods of attack of the principal political problems: state structure, nationalproblem, conservation of the empire and proposals to reform the country.

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