Emotional evaluation of borrowings in metalinguistic expressions of Russian native speakers in different typesof discourse

A great number of foreign borrowingsconstantly penetrate the Russian language. Thus the thorough investigation of the metalinguistic reflection of borrowings in theconsciousness of Russian native speakers is very important. Emotional evaluation of borrowings is one of the ways of metalingusticconsciousness expression, which can be found in different types of discourse - in the Internet communication, newspapers or spokenlanguage. The analysis of the main means of expressing evaluation (metaoperators) in every discourse, reasons of its expression andstructural organization of metalinguistic phrases enables to define the general aspects and particular characteristics typical to each typeof discourse. On the basis of verbal metaoperators metalinguistic expressions with emotional evaluation have been classified into twogroups: sensor-psychological, including emotional and intellectual subtypes, and sublimational. The diversity of emotional metaoperatorsshows that the evaluation function of the metalinguistic consciousness of Russian speakers towards borrowings is strongly realized.The metalanguage of Internet communicators is the most emotional and expressive. The subject in the metalinguistic phrases taken fromthe Internet is strongly presented by means of personal pronouns or expressions that show personal attitude towards the borrowing.These structures indicate the active state of the Russian speakers consciousness. In spoken speech, verbal presentation of metalinguisticconsciousness does not frequently occur. However, the communicator often uses nonverbal ways of metalinguistic expression such aslaughter, gestures or mimicry. The metalanguage of the newspaper discourse takes an intermediate position between the Internet andspoken language. In most cases the writer estimates the level of correspondence of the word itself to the object or phenomenon namedby the word. As a rule, metalinguistic expressions in the newspapers do not have the indication of the person of evaluation. In all theanalysed types of discourse negative evaluations of borrowings dominate and make up two thirds of all the regarded metalinguisticphrases. Negative evaluation is frequently caused by deviation from the accepted norms of the Russian language or unreasonable use ofborrowed words. Utilitarian characteristics of borrowings are subjected to both negative and positive evaluations. The variety and emotionalityof the metalinguistic phrases that express evaluation shows the reasons of rejection or adoption of foreign vocabulary in theRussian language. It also demonstrates defence reactions of the metalinguistic consciousness of native speakers, which regulate thepenetration of borrowings into the Russian language.

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