Mechanism of state structural policy in developing innovation-oriented economy

In this article we analyse features, conditions of structuraland technological development and investigate building mechanism of innovation-type development. Limitation and potential forms ofRussian innovation economy are revealed. Conceptual and methodological problems of innovative development, directions of modernizationand structural diversification, and also main modernization factors and resources (education, science, R&D, corporate managementmodels, private-public partnership, regional innovative potential) are researched. We display the potential of hi-tech diversifieddevelopment (non-military engineering industry) and a complex of main problems in Russian economy diversification on the basis of afundamental change of national technological, institutional and resource environment in traditional industries such as fuel complex,electrical energy industry, metallurgical engineering, chemical industry, forest products industry, infrastructure, building industry. In thearticle, we view the cluster approach as an effective form of diversification of innovation activity and structure of production. Clustersallow using competitive advantages of resource and intellectual potential of government, science and business efforts in the RussianFederation. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of government regulation of Russian structural and technological development.We classify obstacles and weakness of mechanism of government regulation and market forces while stimulating innovation activity andstructural modernization in national economy, and also create a concept of regulation and Russian model of innovation economy. It isclaimed that the main reason of economic stabilization and improvement is high primary goods prices and our economy continues todevelop on the export of primary goods bases. During the period of reforms the industrial potential of Russian economy decreased, thelevel of technology in industries went from bad to worse, energy and transport infrastructure became in danger of technical disasters.Main subjects of Russian economy are still 30-40 first-rate raw material or banking structures governed in a manual mode. They didnot draw the moral from the world crisis - the economic growth in Russia now owes to high petroleum prices, which gave the export a66.3% increase during 2010 comparing to 2009. It is emphasized that additional demand is still met by import but not domestic goods,which had a 32.2% growth in the first six months of 2009. Manufacturing industry decreased by 2% in GDP structure taking into accountthat its share was not very ponderable - only 15 % in 2008. In spite of extraordinary government measures (innovation supporting,structural modernization, social sphere) there are no fundamental changes in this direction. Some politicians and economists argue thattechnological and structural modernization will dramatically change industry, transport, export and import, social sphere structure in thenext 15-20 years.

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