Formation of music editing: historical and theoretical insight

Music editions play a crucial role in the process of performance. The music edition a performer workswith has an impact on the interpretation of the entire work, especially when it relates to novice musicians and fans. What aspects aremost important when choosing this or that music edition? First of all, it is precise correspondence to the authors notes text, retainingpeculiarities of the style of the composer and his era. The historical and theoretical insight into this problem, as well as the very subjectof the study  music editing - is a brand new topic for scientific research in music theory, a scientific approach to the phenomenon,which has long had a place in the practice of music-making. The principles of organizing the text of a musical composition are explainedin accordance with the era of its creation, conception and style of the composer, which has an indisputable practical value for performers.Music editing is the process of preparing a piece of music for publication, performance or research, which is carried out by personswith professional knowledge in this area, but not the composer. History of music editing goes back to ancient times; its purpose is preservationand transmission of musical information in the acoustic space. In the pre-note period European music used special characters neums, which required their own interpretation. Musical notation appeared in the first half of the 11th century; its author was GuidodArezzo. From the beginning of the 17th century up to our days notation has existed in its modern form. Due to this a German scientistand musician Andreas Werkmeister (around 1700) proposed a logarithmically uniform twelve-tone musical scale and made the pianotuned accordingly. The process of regulating and perfecting musical graphics, that is, notations, was ongoing; it opened a tremendousopportunity for preserving and transmitting musical information in writing and, therefore, composing. In the process of economic andspiritual development of the society bases for degeneration of editing became more prominent: a simple form of musical text adjustmentsturned into a whole sphere of musical art with its goals, objectives and principles. First of all, these editing metamorphoses werebrought about by the development of stringed keyboard musical instruments that went through their evolutionary path of development.At the end of the 18th  beginning of the 19th centuries classics were able to overcome the sensitive exaggeration of sentimentalists intheir work, and in their works of art they could objectively select the most valuable and universally valid from the subjective experience.In connection with these new aesthetic trends in the art of music, harpsichord and clavichord, which existed at that time, could no longerkeep up with the demands of the time, and a new instrument came to replace them, which had new mechanics and new quality of extractedsound, - the fortepiano; and this, in turn, led to the birth of a new performance school and was accompanied by new forms ofnote music text editing.

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