Theoretical and methodological aspects of formation of project and design competences of engineering students

In the articlethe international and national requirements for professional competences of bachelors and masters in engineering and technologyare analysed. According to modern requirements, the graduate of a technical university must be ready for comprehensive engineeringactivity (research, analysis and solution of complex engineering problems in the area of professional activity); be able to make nonstandarddecisions and actively implement them; have the ability to project activity in the professional area (design and develop engineeringproducts); be able to work in team on interdisciplinary projects; have a developed creative thinking, initiative and persistence,need for constant updating and enriching ones knowledge; be able to independently solve professional tasks; be ready tochange the type and character of professional activity; have managerial and organisational skills, high level of common and professionalculture. The main factors that determine the ability of a specialist to competently and responsibly address unconventionaltasks in the project and design area are defined, and include availability of appropriate material and technical base, social environmentand key competences of a graduate acquired in the process of learning as the result of his/her own project and design activity.The structure of key competences needed for successful project and design activity is formed, including: ability to identify and analysecomplex engineering problems in the field of professional activity, to generate integrated solutions of these problems; ability touse modern project methodology (to perform project work); ability to use modern design methodology (to perform design work);ability to use modern information technology to effectively solve professional tasks; ability to assess economic efficiency (innovativecapacity) of a designed object or process. Organisational and pedagogical conditions that influence the effectiveness of engineeringbachelors and masters training for future project and design activity are determined: the content of professional educationshould correspond to the current state of science, engineering and technology; the educational process should include the approachesthat help students to quickly learn new activities, new production technologies, to adapt to technological changes in the workplaceand in the society; the system of professional development should be oriented to the increasing professional potential of teachers inuse of productive teaching technologies in the educational process.

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