Methodological bases of enterprise activity

Entrepreneurship is one of strategic resources and an internal source of national economy development. The role of entrepreneurshipessentially increases in the conditions of transition to the innovative type of economic development. Preconditions of effectiverealization of enterprise activity are revealing and accounting of its methodological bases. But for a variety of reasons the problemof methodology of enterprise activity is developed in an insufficient degree. Entrepreneurial is the practical productive (sometimes reproductive) economic activity, conducted independently, on one's risk, directed at achievement of objectively new or subjectively newresults with the purpose of achievement of personal benefit and public advantage. Methodology of enterprise activity is the doctrineabout structure, organizations, methods and means of such economic activity of people. Revealing of methodological bases of enterpriseactivity means definition of its basic characteristics, principles, resources, conditions, factors, norms, and logic, the process and timestructures. The basic characteristics of enterprise activity include the attributes inherent in any labour activity, and also features or peculiaritiesof enterprise activity. Enterprise activity is organised on principles of hierarchy, integrity, openness, historicity, and necessaryvariety. Enterprise activity is characterized with resources, which are money, labour, equipment, technical equipment, materials, technology,information, space, and time. Resources become factors of enterprise activity, elements of enterprise capital in case of their targeteduse. The external and internal environments define the conditions of enterprise activity. The activity of the businessman is regulatedby the legal and ethical standards, customs of entrepreneurship existing in the society. Attributes of enterprise activity, as well asany other expedient human activity, are self-control and management. Enterprise activity has a complex, multilevel structure. By considerationof the logic structure of enterprise activity the philosophical understanding of the subject, object, subject matter, forms,means, methods, and result of activity is used. At the process level the components of the enterprise activity structure are the needs,motive, purpose, problems, technology, action, result, united in a system by self-control and management. In the time structure of enterpriseactivity, there are phases consisting of stages, which, in turn, consist of periods.

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