Study of Lake Bele and Lake Itkul landscapes as recreational load estimation

In the article the results oflandscape researches on the territory of two clusters of reserve Khakass are considered (Lake Bele and Lake Itkul). The uniqueness andoriginality of the Shira steppe landscapes are designated. This article contains a complex of physical and geographical characteristics of theterritory, which includes the protected areas studies: the geological structure, the history of the natural conditions of the northern part ofMinusinsk deflection and lake hollows, geomorphology of the area, the climatic conditions of landscape formation, features of soil coverand vegetation are described. The morphological structure of landscapes, types of areas and kinds of natural boundaries are characterized,their mapping is made. In the eastern part of Lake Bele four types of areas including 17 kinds of natural boundaries are allocated. In LakeItkul vicinities four types of areas including 23 kinds of natural boundaries are defined. The characteristic signs and features of landscapesof both clusters, and also similarity and distinction in landscape structure of clusters Lake Bele and Lake Itkul are allocated. The comparativestudy of the recreationally-disturbed landscapes and protected areas is conducted. The main role of steepness and exposition ofslopes, humidifying mode in space differentiation of the investigated steppe landscapes is defined. The generalised results of researches oflandscapes are given; general recommendations on preservation of the reserved territories in the conditions of the increasing recreationalload in the adjoining territories are made. Most often the recreational load is unapproved dumps of household garbage on the territories adjoiningto the reserved clusters, infringement of integrity of the vegetative cover and pauperisation of the floristic variety, distribution ofcommensal kinds of animals, structural change of the soil profile on spontaneously arisen beaches. The dynamics of recreational loads forthe non-reserved south-eastern coast of Lake Bele during 2006-2011 is shown. In 2009 the recreational load had the maximum indicatorsand since then tendencies to its decrease are observed. The paper substantiates the need to maintain the reserve status of the coastal andaquatic areas of Lakes Itkul and Bele. There is also a need to create a geographically and economically organized recreational area on theshores of lakes in order to reduce the harm caused to the surrounding nature reserve by unorganized seasonal summer tent parking and spontaneouslyarising beaches. The authors recommend using methods of landscape planning and ecological monitoring to create organizedrecreational areas.

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