Category of human «natural qualities» in modern China: its content and ideological sources

In the ideology of modern China muchattention has been attracted to the problem of human natural qualities (suchih) and ways of their development. The definition of thecategory of human "natural qualities" is given in the book "The Guidance Concerning the Upbringing of Natural Qualities of ChinaYoung Kanbu" and its content is explained. Interpreting the category of human "natural qualities" as a combination of physiologicalbase and the influence of the external factors (first of all, the upbringing) the ideologists of modern China follow one of the generallyaccepted natural scientific ideas about human organism constitution and its psychology formation. In the book the natural qualitiescontent has been presented as an aggregate of seven qualities types, including 1) political ones; 2) ideological ones; 3) abilities; 4)communication ones; 5) moral ones; 6) mental ones; 7) intellectual ones. Speaking about ideological formation sources of the categoryunder consideration it is necessary to pay attention to the two cases. First, the connection of the modern Chinese society with thesocialist and communist ideas. Second, the influence of the traditional Chinese philosophy, where the problem of the human naturalorigin was being considered quite deeply, on the modern Chinese ideology. One can consider Marxist-Leninist philosophy being thescience base of the socialist type of personality as one of ideological category formation sources. At the same time the ideologists of themodern China do not only enumerate the qualities the person must have in the modern age, but also consider the problem deeper: what"natural qualities" are in general and what is their content. Such problem consideration brings together the human "natural qualities"category with the traditional "human nature" category (hsing) for the ancient and middle-age Chinese philosophy. The analysis of the"human nature" category is presented practically in all theses of Confucianists. Yet in ancient Confucianism various problem solutionswere represented in the human nature correlation with virtue and malice. The absence of a common opinion concerning this problemwas peculiar for all the period of the traditional China. The given case confirms the fact that the human nature was interesting for theChinese philosophers as the "working material", which is necessary to understand in order to influence it effectively in the requireddirection. The similar motivation in the problem consideration about the human "natural qualities" is seen in the ideologists of themodern China. The problem, which the ideologists of the modern China put before themselves, is to educate worthy leading persons.The investigation of human "natural qualities" like in Confucianism has an applied aim. It allows making a conclusion about theavailability of some traditional constants peculiar to the Chinese people's mentality and defining these constants as one more ideologicalformation source of the "natural qualities" category in the modern China.

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