Model of civic education of children-orphans by means of museum pedagogics

At the present stage of development of our country, in theconditions of construction of a legal state and formation of a civil society the urgency of realization of civil education of the nextgeneration increases. A democratic state needs diversely educated, morally and socially responsible citizens who can independentlymake responsible decisions in a situation of choice, predicting their possible consequences, ready to cooperation and interculturalcommunication, possessing civic qualities, sense of responsibility for the destiny of the country, capable to participate in thedevelopment of its economic, political and cultural-spiritual spheres. The given problem is of special importance, so far as it concernssocialization of children-orphans with negative social experience, possessing specific medico-psychological status essentially differentfrom their contemporaries' one. A characteristic result of the negative influences is a high level of social deadaptation of such children,low potential of their self-realization, the consumerist attitude to life. Orphanhood as a factor destroys the emotional connections of thechild with the social environment surrounding them, with the world of adults, contemporaries and causes deep secondary disorders ofphysical, mental and social development. The orphanhood situation influences the life of the child, and the adult essentiallycomplicating the process of socialization and civil identification of the person. The problem of civil education of children-orphans ismultidimensional and complicated, demanding scientific judgement, account of new realities, search of effective innovative models ofconstruction of the process of civic education. Culture can become an effective factor of development of the creative potential of theperson, a means of education of civic consciousness, social activity of the person, and overcoming of negative vital choices. Now therole of museums, which are an integral part of the system of social education representing a specific, integrative kind of cultureestablishment, combining various functions both scientific, and socially-pedagogical, cultural and educational, increases considerably.In case with problem children, museums have new functions: social orientation, adaptation and correction, not only considerablyexpanding the scope of activity, but also creating a favourable environment for civic education of children-orphans. The school museumcan become an effective factor of civic education of children and teenagers as it allows carrying out activities on formation of valuereference points of schoolchildren; restoring continuity in spiritual development, revival of cultural, historical traditions; generatingsincere attitude to the moral concepts of the past, a sense of responsibility for preservation of natural riches, cultures of the native land,pride for the Homeland.

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