Figurative word as cultural information carrier on perception of person and society in Russian and English languageworld pictures

The centre of attention in modern linguistics is linguoculturological analysis of lexical structureof a language. The culture description through the facts of its reflection in a national language is topical in respect of the solution of theproblem of language and culture. The linguoculturological direction allows reconstructing mental representations, stereotypicassociations demonstrated by a certain fragment of a language system. Especially informative material for linguoculturologicalresearches are figurative means of a language. The urgency of research of figurative units is caused by the fact that the given words arethe usual figurative means of broadcasting of typical images implanted in culture. The given units transfer evaluation of appearance,character, mental abilities of the person, and his/her social characteristics. Figurative words with "social" semantics on the basis of thegeneral denotation correlation can be united in the micro field "social characteristics of the person", including 76 figurative units ofRussian and 54 figurative words of English. There are four lexical-semantic groups in the micro field: "attitude to work", "financialsituation", "relations in the society", "social problems". The attitude of the person to work enters the basic human set of values and isreflected in the semantics of figurative language units. The number of figurative words with the given semantics is 43 words in Russianand 27 - in English. The number of figurative words characterizing financial situation of the person in Russian and English is bigenough (16 and 11 respectively). The lexical-semantic group "Relations in the society" totals to 23 lexical units in Russian and 14 wordsin English. The lexical-semantic group "Social problems" includes 3 figurative units in Russian and 1 figurative word in English, whichshow the urgent social problems for each society. The social is always perceived sharply in any culture, hence, native speakers usebright images with a view of estimation of those or other social qualities of people, their working capacity, finances. Figurative words ofthe English language, first of all, transfer positive evaluation of the image of the cultural person with a certain professional job, who isgenerous and active, and not submitting to anyone. Russian figurative units confirm the fact that in Russian culture laziness, riches orpoverty are blamed, the person with a good social status, dexterous in work for the purpose of one's own benefit is positively evaluated.The special quality of the person positively evaluated by native speakers is hospitality - ability to feed and give the visitor a drink.

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