Influence of rhythm-tempo structure of aerobics classeson parameters of heart rate variability and electro-physiological characteristics of student's neuromuscular system

Special physiological studies have revealed the influence of rhythm on varioussystems of the human body. Physiological rhythms of people resonate and spontaneously adjust to the frequency and dynamic indicatorsof musical accompaniment. It is shown that musical tempo, rhythm and structure of works and other musical factors may subdue theinternal rhythm of physiological processes. One reason for the physiological effects of music on people is that the nervous system andmuscles are capable of mastering rhythm, which in turn stimulates the body's processes that occur rhythmically both in the motor andvegetal spheres. There are many body autonomic responses to music and rhythmic effects. The purpose was to study the influence of therhythm-tempo structure of aerobics classes on the parameters of heart rate variability and electro-physiological characteristics of theneuromuscular system of students. The object of study was students who practise aerobics at the Physical Education Department ofTomsk State University, aged 17 to 20, divided into three groups depending on the rhythm-tempo accompaniment of the trainingsessions: 1. 115-125 beats/min; 2. 135-140 beats/min; 3. 145-160 beats/min. To study the peculiarities of adaptation of the cardiovascularsystem to the aerobic training of girls of different rhythm-tempo structures the cardiointervalography method is used, for theassessment of the neuromuscular system - the method of electromyography. It is shown that in Group 1 the influence of the centralboundary regulating the heart rate by decreasing the activity of the autonomous regulation boundary. Increase of the rate to 135-140 beats/min increased the influence of the autonomous regulation boundary. And with the rhythm of 140 beats/min and above there isan inclusion of additional sections dealing with the regulation of the cardiac rhythm. The effectiveness of relaxing the gluteus maximusmuscle and the quadriceps muscle depended on the structure of the rhythm-tempo training. The study of the electrical activity ofmuscles before and after training revealed significant differences between the three groups. The larger the external load and the strengthof muscle contraction, the higher the amplitude of the electromyogram. This is due to an increase in the frequency of nerve impulses,involving a larger number of motor units in the muscle and the timing of their activity. The decrease of the maximum amplitude in thequadriceps femoris and gluteus maximus muscles indicates a more efficient relaxation of these muscles.

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