Linguistic units with meaning of sense perception in A.P. Chekhov's short story ''Anna on the Neck''

Sense perception is one of the main means ofcognition of the world. The world is first perceived by the senses (visual, auditory, tactile, smell and taste), and then by categorizationbased not only on their own experience, but on stereotypes of national culture. Sense perception has their denotation in language. In thestory "Anna on the Neck," the dominance of visual sensations is observed. There are basic verbs of vision and their variants, forexample, глядеть, видеть, осмотреть, посматривать, окинуть взглядом, не отрывать глаз от ..., and a number of adjectivesdenoting play of light, colour, shape, and size that are important in the formation of the text describing the appearance of space andcharacter, like среднего роста, полный, пухлый, сытый, с длинными бакенами и без усов, бритый, круглый, резко очерченный,высокий, полный, худенькие, бледные, большой, темный, etc. Along with the visual perception of fundamental importance in shapingthe content of the story is the situation of perception of sound and smell. Linguistic units with the meaning of sound perception describethe internal state of the hero, the impression of the sounding character or object. Verbs in the predicate function in the statements ofsound can be divided into two types: the verbs directly describing the process of sound, and verbs that describe the situation of sound. Inthe story, the first type of the verbs is expressed by units слушать/услышать. The second type is represented by a wide range of verbsof sound. The primary group includes verbs denoting the sound of human and inanimate beings: шептать, храпеть, кричать,шипеть и рычать. Perceptions of smell have multiple functions. They form the living space of the characters, become part of theirportraits, affect the emotional structure of the story (e.g., the smell of gasoline, fume is a characteristic feature of Peter Leontyitch). Inthe individual image system of A.P. Chekhov's, ideas of smells are signs of time, space, objects of feelings, occupation, character, socialtypes. Thus, the analysis of linguistic units of sense perception in the story by A.P. Chekhov has shown that the expression of thecorresponding semantics plays an important role in the structural and semantic organization of the work to form its text space.

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