Scientific and technological development of Russia: problemsof effective mechanism formation, or how to make essential R&D ''most essential''

The modern trend of scientific and technological development of Russia is described withthe set of new instruments of public-private partnership. Technological platforms and programs of innovative development of companieswith public participation are by far the most crucial. The strategic programs of technological platforms researching and programs ofinnovative development of public companies is suggested to be the mechanism of transition of macro- and mezzo-categories of ''marketsand sectors'' of economy into micro-categories of ''technologies and products''. In this article some details of the realization mechanismof the strategic program of researching the technological platform and programs of innovative development of public companies basingon comparison of key economic provisions are discussed. The strategic program of researching the technological platform is aimed atproviding the breakthrough in the domestic and world economy, forming new high-tech industries, and sectors in the economy. Hereinopening new export opportunities and parts of companies-participants of the technological platform in the Russian and even in the worldmarkets are being estimated. The concept of development in Tomsk region of the centre of education, research and development hassuch a vector. However, the program of innovative development of public companies acts with absolutely other indicators on the levelof firm's economy (prime cost, labour productivity). In this regard the mechanism of ''most essential'' R&D has not worked out - forbusiness the public understanding of their importance became neither obvious nor necessary. If business relies fully on private sourcesof R&D financing, like profit and amortization, then technological platforms are forced to put emphasis on the sources of raised funds,like credits, financial leasing, emission of securities. In Russia the major customer of R&D is traditionally the Ministry of Education andScience of RF, while abroad this role is played by ''profile'' ministries (health care, agriculture, etc.). The issue of poor role of privatebusiness in defining and realization of priorities of scientific and technological development of the country for the long-term prospect isstill on the agenda. Today responsibilities in terms of development of programs of innovative development are only fulfilled bycompanies with public participation; Russian private business keeps aside from the modernization-innovative-technological mainstream.

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