Life quality and psychological safety of people living in risk of anthropogenic environmental threat (by example of Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP residents and workers )

The study of the quality of life of people who have been in extreme conditions, first of all, assessment of the probability of maintaining their health, including mental one, after exposure to extreme factors, is now a crucial scientific and practical problem in our country due to the increasing number of anthropogenic environmental disasters and the increasing number of those who survived in such extreme events. This social significance of the problem updates objectives for psychology related to the search of the basis for the development of methods and tasks of prevention and rehabilitation of mental health of the population living and/or working in the risk of anthropogenic and environmental hazards. This article is about the quality of life and psychological safety among people living near Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant and workers of the plant, witnesses to the anthropogenic environmental disaster in 2009. It includes parameters of the severity of the components of life quality of the population, a comparative analysis of physical and mental health components in groups of "residents" and "workers", the results of the cluster analysis to identify individuals with different levels of satisfaction with the physical and psychological components of health and its statistically significant differences, the dynamics of the dominant states and emotions reflecting the psychological security in the time (past, present, future) of life of "residents" and "workers", witnesses of the disaster. It was revealed that respondents are not uniform in the assessment of satisfaction with life quality: there are people with higher and lower levels of life quality in both groups. In this case, two years after the event acute negative reactions transformed into "invisible stress", still, many of the respondents indicated a positive trend with respect to their perception of the future, which reflects not only the hope of safety, but also of "good life ", self-self-fulfillment in various spheres of life. It shows possible personal resources in the prevention of "invisible stress" and its negative impact on life quality of people living in risk of anthropogenic environmental threat.

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