Problem of scientific translation equivalence of travelling by publications of ''Moscow Telegraph'' of first third of 19 century)

The translation equivalence is one of the core notions in linguistics, but the researchers mark the relativity of the given category which depends on the type of the information, intentions of the author and the translator and the type of the audience, and on the situation of the original text production and its reproduction in the target language. The magazine ''Moscow Telegraph'' under the editorship of N.A. Polevoy was the first type of periodicals in Russia where the content was designed for the educated reader. Translated historical articles especially from Germany were considered as one of the source of information. For example, in the magazine of 1825, part III, May, № 9 the article "Investigation of the Madgarsky ruins on the Kuma River'' was published, the author of the article was the famous German naturalist and Orientalist J. Klaproth. The given publication is a fragment of his book Voyage au Mount Caucase et en Georgie, republished in French in Paris in 1823, but the first edition of this book Reise in den Kaukasus und nach Georgien unternommen in den Jahren 1807 und 1808 appeared in German in 1812 in Berlin. If we compare the French and the Russian editions with the German original, it is possible to notice that in both cases there is a tendency of almost word-for-word translation of the primary source of information. The necessity of the close translation with the high equivalence is caused by its functional purpose - the scientific information transfer without the essence distortion, the consistency of the vocabulary of languages, the generality of their grammar structure, which involves the usage of equivalent syntactic structures and thus provides the invariant meaning of the original and the translation. Nevertheless, it should be noticed that there are some translation transformations made by the translator (reduction of the text on the level of ethnographic descriptions, emotional saturation of the narrative, the usage by the translator of his own stylistic devices, sometimes very distant from the strict scientific style), which can be explained by his principal and aesthetic goals, and by the dynamics of scientific thinking, which in the 19th century continues, according to the researchers, to preserve the aesthetic and ethic features without developing a final specific language and style.

Keywords

Authors

References