Reference status of spatial and temporal polysituation in present tenses in French and Tatar languages

Comparative analysis of the referential potential of polysituation in contexts on the basis of the French and the Tatar languages led to the following conclusions. Similarities of two languages in the implementation of referential status of polysituation is explained by its universal content. Differences of two languages are explained by their structural and typological characteristics. Predicate as a time expresser represents the temporal value of the single situation and the entire polysituation. The main unifying factor is the temporal-referential meaning of situations distributed in space and time. Universal condition to realize referential status of polysituation is to have an interval, which can be recognized as referential. Syntagma in Present form defines the referential value of polysituation as tunc or nunc simultaneity or can determine its non-referential status. Due to nonverbally-expressed referential interval a series of diachronic situations can obtain the referential status on condition that it is included in the interval of one situation, depending on its duration. Due to nonverbally-expressed referential interval synchronous situations can obtain referential status if they match with it, which extent is determined by its duration. Diachronic situations are referential, but not a common interval of series is referential. The reference status depends on the inclusion of the referential point in the interval of one of the situations. Synchronous situations are referential, but not all block is referential. Each situation overlaps with the reference interval during its realization. A separate situation cannot be considered as referential. All depends on the inclusion of the referential point in the polysituation interval. Perfect semantics of verbs and functioning Present as a timeless tense expresses discrete time distribution of situations. The potential of present tenses to express polysituation is unlimited, any homogeneous diachronic or synchronic situations can be represented by a single series or by a block if they are situated in the present time. The meaning of the verb as perfect or imperfect dominates over the quantitative temporal-aspectual value of unlimited time duration of present tenses.

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