Problem of resource relations between regions, sub-regions, and municipalities

Development of methods of localization of economic zones in the region should be based on an approach that allows to consolidate efforts and resources for integrated socio-economic problems of the region. This integrates different approaches that balance the interests of economic agents of the territory and create conditions for the preservation of cultural and historical features. Based on this, the author suggests using a sub-regional approach to territorial development as a wider variety of inter-regional clusters in priority economic activities. The essence of this approach lies in the fact that municipalities, as well as the subjects of the Russian Federation, can also be integrated into economic areas within the sub-regional level strategic inter-territorial cooperation. Distinctive features of the sub-region as a territorial social and economic system are: relative mobility of the boundaries, variety of purposes of forming the sub-region, spontaneous nature of economic relations, program control, lack of signs of an administrative unit (authorities, budget, current liabilities), presence of vertical (between the authorities in the region and municipalities) and horizontal (between government, businesses and the public) bonds with the prevailing role of the latter links. In these new methods of spatial localization it is especially important to identify the sources of resource support of the sub-regions. The problem arises of determining the place of the subregion in the "region - municipality" as an intermediary distribution of tasks and resources (including financial) based on the optimal combination of the interests of regional and municipal budgets and investment businesses. Such a problem can be solved by considering the sub-region as a special form of focused targeted financial equalization in the "region - municipality." Financial equalization mechanism itself suggests the following steps: 1) equalization of powers -distribution of power on the principle of subsidiarity, 2) equalization of incomes - distribution of tax revenues based on the principle of sufficiency, 3) equalization of burdens - redistribution of financial resources on the basis of the principle of distribution of burdens. Using the principles of financial equalization would enhance the functioning and development of financial and fiscal relations in the region in terms of the formation of sub-regional socio-economic systems.

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