Metaphorical image of "mechanism" in Russian language picture of the world

The given work is devoted to the investigation of the metaphorical image of conceptual sphere ''Mechanism'' in the Russian language picture of the world. The metaphor is described from the cognitive point of view. The idea that we take attitudes from one area of experience and use them to approach and understand another is fundamental to human interactions with the world. The two domains that participate in the conceptual metaphor have special names. The conceptual domain from which we draw metaphorical expressions to understand another conceptual domain is called the source domain, while the conceptual domain that is understood this way is the target domain. Mapping is the systematic set of correspondences that exist between constituent elements of the source and the target domains. Studying metaphor from these points of view forced researchers to the conclusion of reciprocity and reversibility of cognitive metaphorical models. The problem of reversibility of metaphoric models has been posed in works of Z.I. Rezanova and developed by E.A. Poturaeva and Dai Inli. The relevance of our experiment is to research the problem on the basis of new material - lexical nominations in the field of machinery and automation that can be extended by creating metaphorical ones, and at the same time it is the source of metaphorical conceptual modeling of other spheres. In this article, we use the term "sub-model", which refers to a private metaphoric model, combining metaphorical nominations, thematically united into a smaller group. A number of sub-models form the total metaphorical model, that is a scheme of forming of a metaphorical meaning, characterized by the unity of thematic relatedness of nominative and transferred metaphorical meanings, type of associative assimilation, which is a linguistic representation model ratio of the corresponding conceptual spheres. In the Russian language picture of the world the metaphorical model "the mechanism is the person" is formed, which is implemented in metaphorical language nominations of the mechanism. The mechanism, as well as the person, has an internal structure, so it can move, perform physical actions, sound. Physical processes and actions of some mechanisms are so complex and varied that it lets us think about their mental and psychological activity. Metaphorical model ''the mechanism is the person" is realized in a number of sub-models, each of which highlights certain features of the conceptual sphere, figuratively interpreted through the image of the person: 1) organization of the mechanism - the structure of person 2) actions taken by the mechanism - the physiological states and actions of the person, 3) existence of the mechanism - the physiological state of the person, 4) movement of the mechanism - human activities, 5) physical activity associated with the mechanism - physical actions performed by the person, 6) sound of the mechanism - speech activity, the sounds of the person, 7) process carried out by the mechanism - the mental and emotional state of the person. Analyzing the selected sub-models of the conceptual sphere "Mechanism" we came to a conclusion that the anthropomorphic image of the mechanism is fundamental and covers various aspects of the interpretation of the conceptual sphere "Mechanism", namely, the material characteristics (structure and appearance) and function (activities and processes operated by mechanism).

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