Features of teacher education formation in Kuznetsk land

In the South of Western Siberia in the second half of the 19 century the Altai spiritual mission opened a school for indigenous peoples. Shors living in Kuznetsk region did not have their writing. Kuznetsk office of the mission was established in 1857, and its leader became V.I. Verbitsky - the creator of the script for the Altaians and Shors. In the framework of the state doctrine of the national education in relation to the peoples of the Russian Empire it was based on the concept of the enlightener and missionary N.I. Ilminsky. The main idea of the missionary is in the concept of ''public school''. National education was based on two principles: the ideals of Orthodox education and universal values uniting the national and religious values of the peoples. The process of creating national schools was interrupted in the years of the Civil War. In the 1920s, all the missionary camps, monasteries, chapels and other institutions were closed, but the efforts of the missionaries were not wasted, representatives of indigenous peoples of Kuznetsk region were trained by the first teachers. After the October Revolution of 1917 the national school was a school for the minorities with a distinguished language and household characteristics. Teaching in this school was to be conducted in the native language, and native history and literature were to be learnt. It was determined that all ethnic groups had the right of organizing education in their native language on both levels of the unified labour and schools of higher education, that is, it reaffirmed the right of all peoples of Russia to study in their native language. The decree "On formation as a part of Kuznetsk region of Siberia of the national Mountain-Shor area" of April 12, 1926 legislatively fixed national self-determination of the Shor people, therefore, the decision on the organization of regional pedagogical technical school for the Oyrot, Khakas and Shors on September 25, 1927 was made. The mountain-Shor pedagogical technical school was constructed in Kuzedeevo village where before the revolution missionary V.I. Verbitsky taught Shors. In 1929 a construction began of the largest iron and steel works beyond the Urals (Kuznetskstroy), so tens of thousands of builders, many with families, started arriving to small provincial Kuznetsk (since 1931 -Stalinsk). There were 57% of illiterate or semiliterate people, therefore the decision came to open Stalin pedagogical technical school for training teachers of comprehensive schools on the basis of the Mountain-Shor pedagogical technical school in 1936. The Shor language was not studied any longer, as the national educational policy changed in the second half of the 1930s. According to the Constitution of 1936 national education remained only for peoples with an administrative national and territorial status assigned. The technical school was transferred from Kuzedeevo to Stalinsk and in 1939 on its base the Teacher's Institute was opened, which later became Kuzbass State Pedagogical Academy. In 1989 the Academy opened the Chair of the Shor language and literature, so training of teachers of the Shor language was revived. Thereby the link of times was carried out and education of the indigenous peoples initiated by the Russian Orthodox Church continued.

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