Classification of Spanish fixed phrase schemes on the basis of lexico-grammatical status of their compulsory component

Syntactic fixed phrase units are the communicative units characterized by such integral features as repeatability, stability, structural and semantic integrity, idiomaticity, expressivity, and also by differential features, for example, the number of units, peculiarities of their structural and semantic organization, model of their creation, mechanism and degree of phraseologisation, etc. Fixed phrase schemes are one of the most specific classes of syntactic fixed phrase units, that is why they are of great interest to linguists. Fixed phrase scheme is the communicative predicative syntactic unit that is the determinate and reproduced set syntactic scheme characterized by dictum and modus proposition, grammatical and lexical indivisibility, impermeability, lack of extension and it performs the aesthetic function in speech. Due to their features fixed phrase schemes are heterogeneous. It gives an opportunity to create the diverse aspects typology. This article is devoted to the classification of Spanish fixed phrase schemes according to lexico-grammatical status of the compulsory component. We single out three main fixed phrase scheme groups according to lexico-grammatical status of the compulsory component in the contemporary Spanish language: fixed phrase schemes with compulsory unchangeable component represented by WH-word (pronoun or adverb), notional word and conjunction. Fixed phrase schemes of each group are specific. Fixed phrase schemes with compulsory unchangeable component represented by WH-word are the most multiple ones. It is conditioned by the specific character of the unchangeable component inner form, the peculiarities of interrogative meaning in particular. Fixed phrase schemes with compulsory unchangeable component represented by notional word are rather productive. By belonging of the unchangeable component to a particular part of speech it is reasonable to divide them into several subgroups: fixed phrase schemes with compulsory unchangeable component expressed by an adjective, an adverb, a pronoun and a verb. The third group of fixed phrase schemes with compulsory unchangeable component represented by conjunction is the least productive one. It is conditioned by the low potential of the conjunction in the aspect of different structural and semantic transformations. In whole we should point out that fixed phrase schemes confirm their phraseological units status. They correspond to one of the most effective means of colloquial speech and enable the speaker to implement diverse communicative intensions that is why they are very promising for further research.

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