Some problems of naphthides genesis in Sokhochul locality (Khakassia Republic)

Problematic aspects of the genesis of the naphthides manifestation in Sokhochul locality in the vicinity of the village Shira (Khakassia) are considered in the article. This object is the subject of a detailed study by many researchers in terms of organogenic, magmatic and man-made genetic concepts. Most geologists postulate the natural character of liquid bitumen arising due to repeated penetration of deep juvenile oil through fractures in basalts. Spatial contingency of naphthides with Devonian volcanic and sedimentary rocks, in their opinion, enhances greatly the prospects of finding hydrocarbon deposits in the Paleozoic, not only of Khakassia, but also of neighboring areas (analogue method). In contrast to this view, we have proposed an alternative model of the Sokhochul manifestation due to a single man-made flood of the used motor oil. This opinion is confirmed by both geological and geochemical characteristics of the object. So, bitumen "hat" retains its original size till now (ninety square meters), which contradicts the assertion of the multiple entry of natural oil from the depth for a long time. There are no signs of liquid oil through the fractures along the crush zones. Bitumen impregnates the soil only, underlying basalts are "clean", melt and rain water does not contain iridescent films, basalt samples do not give a glow in the ultraviolet light. The chemical composition of hydrocarbon fluids, consisting of almost 100% of naphthenic hydrocarbons, has no analogues among the natural oils. The concentrations of trace elements in the asphaltenes from the maltha of Sokhochul almost always exceed by far the values of the global geochemical background, and often go beyond the maximum possible contents of trace elements in naphthides in Russia, to the appearance of hurricane values for Ba, Pb, Fe and Mn. The above mentioned individual geochemical features of naphthides from the Sokhochul locality are also quite understandable from the standpoint of ideas developed by us. Thus, the dominant content of naphthenic hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon fluid may be due to "the bleeding" of light fractions (distillates) from the sealing of the man-made ''hat''. These emanations are secondary and have no relation to the primary (deep) oil. Hurricane Ba concentration (2.6 kg/t) is due to the use of Ba sulphonates with high mass fraction of that element in the detergent-dispersant additives for engine oils. Anomalous Pb (2.8 kg/t) and Mn (0.3 kg/t) contents are the result of the interaction of engine oils with the products of combustion of fuels, containing compounds of these metals. Iron oxides can also build up due to pollution of waste oils by secondary extraneous impurities.

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