Intellectual rent as source and result of innovative development

At the post-industrial stage of development of the society upon purposeful transition to an innovative way of development, intellectual activity becomes the basis of the new model of economy. It is accompanied by allocation of an intellectual resource as the basic strategic one. At present the condition of the theory and practice of rent relations is in the sphere of intellectual, innovative activity at the origin stage, the foundation is being laid: the conceptual and categorial framework is defined, intrinsic lines of intellectual rent come to light, options of assessment of rent are grounded. In the article research of rent relations in the sphere of intellectual, innovative activity is given. The study of evolution of the theory of rent showed that it developed together with complication and differentiation of types of economic activity, involvement in economic process of new types of resources. Taking into account that at the present historical stage there is a gradual all-system transformation of the social and economic relations, the theory of rent has further development connected with transfer of rent relations into the intellectual, innovative sphere. The concept "intellectual rent", its structure and features are described. The first part of intellectual rent is made by the excess profit received from production and realization of innovative production by one's own forces on the basis of objects of intellectual property. The second part of rent is made by the income from transfer of property rights (royalty, lump-sum payments, mixed payments). The basis of formation of intellectual rent is intellectual property. Fundamental differences of patent monopoly and traditional monopoly are specified. The creative role of intellectual rent and patent monopoly in technological progress stimulation, development of human capital, formation of a new model of economy is proved. According to the authors, questions of interaction of anti-trust and protection of intellectual property are most urgent for the developed countries with a competitive hi-tech sector, in which there are giant companies rather rigidly competing and often using noncompetitive methods. In case with developing countries, in particular, with Russia characterized by insufficient innovative activity of companies, with a weak hi-tech sector and mainly small and medium-sized companies functioning, strengthening of intellectual property protection and better efficiency of mechanisms of coercion to legislation performance are necessary. On the basis of the data of researches on profitability of branches a conclusion is drawn that economy of Russia has essential disproportions in profitability level in favor of branches of low repartition. In Russia there mainly develop those types of productions of goods and services that are capable to provide profitability at the level considerably exceeding the average one for world economy. The innovative sector remains underfunded, in this regard the need of purposeful formation of intellectual rent at various levels of economy is proved. The task is that the country and regions do not lose the due share of the world intellectual rent at the intellectual potential and natural and resource support it has. The need of management of the process of formation of innovative income depending on the regional model of innovative development is stated.

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