Government procurement as a way to create institutional environment stimulating the innovative economy development

The innovative economy is one of the chief objects in view of the officials in Russia, and one of the ways to achieve it is to increase the national demand for innovative products. Government procurement is one of the largest purchasing units gathering 13% of Russian GNP in 2012 and may be used as a method of the innovative economy development stimulation. The existing institutions of government procurement oppose the innovative development. The contracting authority is ultimately responsible for the implementation of mutually exclusive goals: qualitative performance of its core functions (implementation of the objectives of social and economic policy of the state); economical and efficient spending of the budget; creation of an "institutional environment favourable to the development of innovative economy"; implementation of procurement procedures in strict accordance with the law. Based on the author's analysis, to use public procurement as a tool of creating an institutional environment that supports the development of innovative economy there is a need to change the current 2006-2012 system of law and practice institutions in the field of public procurement, including: 1. Development and adoption of federal laws (law institutions), which will: give clear, comprehensive, understandable definition for customers and suppliers of innovative products and services (in Russia and abroad); establish the conditions for the purchase of innovative products and services (including the possible establishment of the volume of the mandatory procurement of innovative products and services for each customer as a mechanism to stimulate their production in the economy of the Russian Federation); form the guidelines for the preparation of technical specifications for the purchase of the above items to the lists of relevant technical and quality characteristics depending on the type of goods, works or services. 2. Creation of a system of measures to attract highly qualified specialists able to track the innovative changes in assigned areas, to use the latest technology to place orders, and to take legislative initiatives to build a comfortable institutional environment that supports innovation development. 3. Creation at the federal level of information and consultation of infrastructure, which will deal with tracking the entry of new innovative products and services, the description of their technical and functional characteristics, and bringing this information to all state and municipal customers. In the preparation of such regulations the pre-feasibility analysis should be made to support innovation in the economy through the mechanisms of placing orders for goods, works and services for state and municipal needs.

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