Text variability as a dialect language personality speech culture manifestation

Little study of speech culture of the local dialects generates its mixed reviews. There is an opinion about the low level of dialect discourse textual organization. The observations of linguists of Tomsk School of Dialectology over speech dialect of the language personality show that the traditional dialect speaker has a developed speech ability manifested, in particular, in the creation of a variable text. Variability in this case refers to situational modifications of both the formal and the semantic sides of the text with an invariant core. The object of the analysis was the speech of a Siberian peasant, V.P. Vershinina, born in 1909, resident of Vershinino Village of Tomsk Region. The source material is the text archive of the author -about 10,000 pages of the sounding speech decrypted from the tape recorded in easy talks during a quarter of a century. The article deals with the fragments of the informant's discourse in situations where the same event repeatedly served as the subject of discussion with different communication partners. The comparison showed that the studied texts, on the one hand, reflect the constant signs of the dialect discourse typical for a representative of the traditional language culture, on the other, they show a high level of variability of texts generated by the dialect speaker in spontaneous speech activity. The nuclear text indicators of the dialect language person are anthropocentrism, egocentrism, factuality and detail, consistency, coherence, specificity, lack of categoricalness. Text variability is determined by the place of the text in the overall idea of the narrative, the sub-themes (with the ability to choose the order of their presentation and omit minor thematic lines), the nature and details of the speech product, the communicative register (information / emotion / reproduction), the method of the subject of speech presentation, the presence / absence of comments leveling the background knowledge of communicants, the use of variant tools at different levels of language - phonetic, lexical, grammatical. Variability of the text is due to many factors. Among the objective reasons, which give the speaker an opportunity to create variable fragments of discourse, are the language system structure, which allows to render meanings in many different ways, and the general laws of the human thought to curtail / develop the sense in text creation. The subjective factors include the development degree of speech ability of the homo loquens, allowing the author to realize the idea of the narrative of the text, taking into account the pragmatic communicative situation ( in the first place - the ability to be responsive to the recipient factor) and using a variety of the resources from the national language. Since the implementation of this ability is due to the communicative expediency and is based on the richness of the language resources of the dialect language personality, the variability of text generation can be considered a manifestation of the high level of the traditional language culture.

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