On necessity of a special rule, which stipulates criminal responsibility for fraud when obtaining payment

Since January 1, 2013 in the Russian Federation the Federal Law of 29.11.2012 No. 207-FZ came into force by which Art. 159.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation establishing criminal liability for the commission of fraud when receiving payments was enacted. The specified law was apprehended ambiguously both by scientists-jurists, and by practical workers. The opinion was expressed that the allocation of special structures from the general norm about fraud adds the elements of unnecessary bulkiness, unsystematic character and instability to the definition of "fraud". The present article is devoted to finding the answer to the question of whether it was really a necessity to allocate fraud when receiving payments in a separate norm. In considering this issue on the basis of the carried-out analysis of Art. 159.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the author comes to the conclusion that this article of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation establishes criminal liability for the commission by roguish way of money larceny intended for social payments and other property, subject to transfer to individuals as measures of social welfare. The distinctive feature of the subject of larceny in this case is its involvement in the public relations of social welfare. The latter testifies that when committing larceny of the specified property the harm is done not only to the property as to the object of larceny, but also to the public relations in the field of social welfare, i.e. there is encroachment of not only one, but two objects. Further the author investigates the question about what public relations in the field of social welfare are represented as the object harmed as a result of the roguish actions provided by Art. 159.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The conclusion about the necessity of protection of this object is drawn by criminal and legal methods. As infringement of this object is carried out first of all by money larceny and other property, which are to transfer to the needy, the object must be protected by means of the pre-discretion in the law of a special norm establishing responsibility for larceny in the social sphere. And as the greatest harm is done as a result of larceny of such money and property by a roguish way, the allocation of a special norm from the fraud structure seems quite reasonable. In the conclusion of the article the author pays attention that the crime encroaching on two objects has bigger public danger, than a similar crime encroaching only on one of these two objects, and respectively has to be punished more strictly. In this regard the establishment of softer sanctions for fraud commission by production of payments in comparison with the main structure of fraud is unreasonable. Having imposed such sanctions, the legislator worsened the situation with criminal legal protection of the public relations with the social welfare, existing until January 1, 2013. According to this the necessity of the completion of this Article of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is obvious and it should be carried out in the nearest future.

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